Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1995 Oct 10;92(21):9707–9711. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.21.9707

Kinetics of spindle pole body separation in budding yeast.

J A Kahana 1, B J Schnapp 1, P A Silver 1
PMCID: PMC40871  PMID: 7568202

Abstract

In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the spindle pole body (SPB) serves as the microtubule-organizing center and is the functional analog of the centrosome of higher organisms. By expressing a fusion of a yeast SPB-associated protein to the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein, the movement of the SPBs in living yeast cells undergoing mitosis was observed by fluorescence microscopy. The ability to visualize SPBs in vivo has revealed previously unidentified mitotic events. During anaphase, the mitotic spindle has four sequential activities: alignment at the mother-daughter junction, fast elongation, translocation into the bud, and slow elongation. These results indicate that distinct forces act upon the spindle at different times during anaphase.

Full text

PDF
9708

Images in this article

9708Fig. 1
on p.9708
9708Fig. 3
on p.9708
9709Fig. 4
on p.9709
9710Fig. 5
on p.9710

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Byers B., Goetsch L. Behavior of spindles and spindle plaques in the cell cycle and conjugation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol. 1975 Oct;124(1):511–523. doi: 10.1128/jb.124.1.511-523.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Byers B., Goetsch L. Duplication of spindle plaques and integration of the yeast cell cycle. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1974;38:123–131. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1974.038.01.016. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chalfie M., Tu Y., Euskirchen G., Ward W. W., Prasher D. C. Green fluorescent protein as a marker for gene expression. Science. 1994 Feb 11;263(5148):802–805. doi: 10.1126/science.8303295. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Clark S. W., Meyer D. I. ACT3: a putative centractin homologue in S. cerevisiae is required for proper orientation of the mitotic spindle. J Cell Biol. 1994 Oct;127(1):129–138. doi: 10.1083/jcb.127.1.129. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Eshel D., Urrestarazu L. A., Vissers S., Jauniaux J. C., van Vliet-Reedijk J. C., Planta R. J., Gibbons I. R. Cytoplasmic dynein is required for normal nuclear segregation in yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Dec 1;90(23):11172–11176. doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.23.11172. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hoyt M. A., He L., Loo K. K., Saunders W. S. Two Saccharomyces cerevisiae kinesin-related gene products required for mitotic spindle assembly. J Cell Biol. 1992 Jul;118(1):109–120. doi: 10.1083/jcb.118.1.109. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hyman A. A. Centrosome movement in the early divisions of Caenorhabditis elegans: a cortical site determining centrosome position. J Cell Biol. 1989 Sep;109(3):1185–1193. doi: 10.1083/jcb.109.3.1185. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hyman A. A., White J. G. Determination of cell division axes in the early embryogenesis of Caenorhabditis elegans. J Cell Biol. 1987 Nov;105(5):2123–2135. doi: 10.1083/jcb.105.5.2123. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Li Y. Y., Yeh E., Hays T., Bloom K. Disruption of mitotic spindle orientation in a yeast dynein mutant. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Nov 1;90(21):10096–10100. doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.21.10096. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Moens P. B., Rapport E. Spindles, spindle plaques, and meiosis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Hansen). J Cell Biol. 1971 Aug;50(2):344–361. doi: 10.1083/jcb.50.2.344. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Muhua L., Karpova T. S., Cooper J. A. A yeast actin-related protein homologous to that in vertebrate dynactin complex is important for spindle orientation and nuclear migration. Cell. 1994 Aug 26;78(4):669–679. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(94)90531-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Osborne M. A., Schlenstedt G., Jinks T., Silver P. A. Nuf2, a spindle pole body-associated protein required for nuclear division in yeast. J Cell Biol. 1994 May;125(4):853–866. doi: 10.1083/jcb.125.4.853. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Palmer R. E., Koval M., Koshland D. The dynamics of chromosome movement in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Cell Biol. 1989 Dec;109(6 Pt 2):3355–3366. doi: 10.1083/jcb.109.6.3355. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Palmer R. E., Sullivan D. S., Huffaker T., Koshland D. Role of astral microtubules and actin in spindle orientation and migration in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Cell Biol. 1992 Nov;119(3):583–593. doi: 10.1083/jcb.119.3.583. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Pfarr C. M., Coue M., Grissom P. M., Hays T. S., Porter M. E., McIntosh J. R. Cytoplasmic dynein is localized to kinetochores during mitosis. Nature. 1990 May 17;345(6272):263–265. doi: 10.1038/345263a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Prasher D. C., Eckenrode V. K., Ward W. W., Prendergast F. G., Cormier M. J. Primary structure of the Aequorea victoria green-fluorescent protein. Gene. 1992 Feb 15;111(2):229–233. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(92)90691-h. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Roof D. M., Meluh P. B., Rose M. D. Kinesin-related proteins required for assembly of the mitotic spindle. J Cell Biol. 1992 Jul;118(1):95–108. doi: 10.1083/jcb.118.1.95. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Saunders W. S., Hoyt M. A. Kinesin-related proteins required for structural integrity of the mitotic spindle. Cell. 1992 Aug 7;70(3):451–458. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90169-d. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Sherman F. Getting started with yeast. Methods Enzymol. 1991;194:3–21. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(91)94004-v. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Steuer E. R., Wordeman L., Schroer T. A., Sheetz M. P. Localization of cytoplasmic dynein to mitotic spindles and kinetochores. Nature. 1990 May 17;345(6272):266–268. doi: 10.1038/345266a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Yeh E., Skibbens R. V., Cheng J. W., Salmon E. D., Bloom K. Spindle dynamics and cell cycle regulation of dynein in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Cell Biol. 1995 Aug;130(3):687–700. doi: 10.1083/jcb.130.3.687. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Yocum R. R., Hanley S., West R., Jr, Ptashne M. Use of lacZ fusions to delimit regulatory elements of the inducible divergent GAL1-GAL10 promoter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Oct;4(10):1985–1998. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.10.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES