Table 5.
Crude and adjusted Odds Ratios for poor performance in the learning, recall, word recognition tests, semantic and phonemic verbal fluency tests and trail-making test B, according to maternal education, low birth-weight, leg and trunk lengths among men and women (35 to 64 years of age) participating in the ELSA-Brasil (2008-2010)
|
Cognitive function test |
Learning, recall and word recognition |
Semantic and phonemic verbal fluency |
Trail-making test B |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
|
|
Model 2 |
|
|
Model 2 |
|
|
Model 2 |
|
Crude OR |
Model 1 |
N = 12,734 |
Crude OR |
Model 1 |
N = 12,694 |
Crude OR |
Model 1 |
N = 11,547 |
|
| Explanatory variable | (CI-95%) | (CI-95%) | (CI-95%) | (CI-95%) | (CI-95%) | (CI-95%) | (CI-95%) | (CI-95%) | (CI-95%) |
|
Maternal education |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| High school or more |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| Elementary school |
1.32 (1.08, 1.62)** |
1.02 (0.83, 1.27) |
1.02 (0.83, 1.27) |
2.34 (1.86, 2.95)** |
1.48 (1.16, 1.89)** |
1.42 (1.12, 1.82)** |
3.02 (2.29, 4.00)** |
1.80 (1.35, 2.41)** |
1.72 (1.27, 2.33)** |
| Incomplete elementary school |
2.11 (1.79, 2.49)** |
1.36 (1.13, 1.62)** |
1.36 (1.13, 1.62)** |
3.46 (2.83, 4.25)** |
1.64 (1.32, 2.03)** |
1.58 (1.27, 1.95)** |
4.76 (3.72, 6.09)** |
2.07 (1.59, 2.69)** |
1.95 (1.48, 2.56)** |
| Never went to school |
4.23 (3.51, 5.08)** |
1.89 (1.53, 2.34)** |
1.89 (1.53, 2.34)** |
7.76 (6.24, 9.64)* |
2.17 (1.70, 2.78)** |
2.02 (1.58, 2.58)** |
14.60 (11.28, 18.90)** |
3.89 (2.93, 5.16)** |
3.53 (2.63, 4.75)** |
|
Birth-weight (Kg) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ≥ 2.5 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
- |
1.00 |
1.00 |
- |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| < 2.5 |
1.34 (1.08, 1.67)** |
1.07 (0.85, 1.35) |
|
1.55 (1.25, 1.92)** |
1.13(0.90, 1.43) |
|
2.20 (1.79, 2.71)** |
1.73 (1.37, 2.18)** |
1.63 (1.29, 2.06)** |
|
Centered leg length (cm) |
0.98 (0.97, 0.99)** |
1.00 (0.99, 1.01) |
- |
0.96 (0.95, 0.97)** |
0.99 (0.97, 1.00) |
- |
0.97 (0.95, 0.98)** |
0.99 (0.98, 1.01) |
- |
| Centered trunk length (cm) | 0.94 (0.93, 0.96)** | 0.98 (0.97, 1.00) | - | 0.89 (0.88, 0.91)** | 0.95 (0.93, 0.96)** | 0.96 (0.94, 0.97)** | 0.87 (0.86, 0.88)** | 0.93 (0.91, 0.94)** | 0.94 (0.92, 0.95)** |
Model 1: Variables adjusted for gender, age and educational attainment of the participants. Model 2: Variable(s) that remained statistically associated after adjustment for all the variables in Model 1 plus the other explanatory variables in the table. *0.01 < p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01.