Table 3.
Bivariate associations between maternal characteristics and 25(OH)D status (ng/mL) (N = 150).
| Maternal characteristics | r value4 | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 0.17 | 0.04 |
| Weight (kg) | −0.11 | 0.18 |
| Phytate : calcium1,2 | −0.11 | 0.18 |
| Calcium (mg/d)1 | 0.09 | 0.25 |
| Phosphorus (mg/d) | 0.10 | 0.20 |
| Sun exposure index1,3 | 0.35 | <0.001 |
| Time of day (24 hours) | −0.11 | 0.18 |
|
| ||
| Mean (95% CI)5 | P value | |
|
| ||
| Hospital | ||
| Private nursing home (n = 68) | 11.8 (10.8, 12.9) | 0.002 |
| Government (n = 82) | 9.8 (9.1, 10.6) | |
| Parity | ||
| First pregnancy (n = 118) | 10.6 (9.9, 11.3) | 0.71 |
| >1 pregnancy (n = 32) | 10.9 (9.5, 12.5) | |
P ≤ 0.20 were considered for further multivariable linear regression analysis.
1Log transformed variables. Geometric means and 95% confidence intervals reported.
2Phytate : calcium ratio = mmol/day phytate intake/mmol/day calcium intake.
3% body surface area exposed to sunlight × hours of sun exposure/week. Higher values indicate greater exposure to sunlight.
5ANOVA.
4Pearson's correlations.
Time of day (24 hours) refers to the time of the day to sun exposure in 24-hour format.