Table 1.

Intensity of midkine expression in relation to clinico-pathological variables in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Variable		n	Positive n	Negative n	Positive rate (%)	χ2 value	P value
Gender	Male	56	31	25	55.4	0.074	0.785
	Female	10	6	4	60.0
Age (yr)	60	35	15	20	57.1	0.035	0.851
	≥60	31	17	14	54.8
Differentiationa	Well	26	20	6	76.9	7.906	0.019
	Modertate	23	10	13	43.5
	Poor	17	7	10	41.2
TNM Classification	I~II	15	16	7	69.6	2.669	0.102
	III~IV	13	21	22	48.8
Lymph node metastasis	Positive	35	18	17	51.4	0.651	0.420
	Negative	31	19	12	61.3

^aP<0.05 as compared between well differentiated and moderately or poorly differentiated tumors.