Table 1.
Study Sample Demographics
| Mean (± SD) [Range] |
Entire Study Sample |
No Gastrostomy Tube |
Gastrostomy Tube without Nissen |
Gastrostomy Tube with Nissen |
P Value* |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 398 | 306 | 30 | 62 | - | ||
| Demographics | Sex (% Male) | 59.1 | 60.5 | 63.3 | 50.0 | 0.28 | |
| Gestational Age (weeks) | 26.8 ± 2.8 [22.7 – 36] |
26.9 ± 2.7 [22.7 – 36] |
25.9 ± 2.8 [23 – 36] |
27.0 ± 3.3 [23 – 35] |
0.18 | ||
| Birth Weight (grams) | 949 ± 472 [380 – 3181] (n = 384) |
966 ± 474 [390 – 3181] (n = 297) |
800 ± 314 [380 – 1780] (n = 29) |
939 ± 516 [390 – 3130] (n = 58) |
0.19 | ||
| Birth Weight Percentile (%) | 40 ± 23 [1 – 95] (n = 384) |
41 ± 22 [1 – 95] (n = 297) |
43 ± 26 [4 – 89] (n = 29) |
32 ± 23† [1 – 88] (n = 58) |
0.019 | ||
| Birth Weight ≤ 10th Percentile (%) | 11.7 (n = 384) |
8.8 (n = 297) |
17.2 (n = 29) |
24.1† (n = 58) |
0.002 | ||
| Race/Ethnicity (% Non-white) | 67.6 | 67.7 | 60.0 | 71.0 | 0.57 | ||
| Socio-economic Characteristics | Public Insurance (% Yes) | 61.3 | 57.5 | 71.0 | 75.8† | 0.016 | |
| Estimated Household Income ($’000) | 62.8 ± 21.5 [15.6 – 156.6] |
61.9 ± 20.3 [15.6 – 156.6] |
66.4 ± 27.3 [28.5 – 156.6] |
65.0 ± 23.8 [21.9 – 126.7] |
0.30 | ||
| Primary Caregiver Education Level (%) |
< High School High School Grad. Some College College Graduate Any Post-Grad. Ed. |
9.3 22.2 30.1 21.9 16.5 (n = 279) |
8.0 22.6 30.7 21.2 17.5 (n = 212) |
15.0 20.0 25.0 20.0 20.0 (n = 20) |
12.5 20.8 31.3 25.0 10.4 (n = 48) |
0.85 | |
| Clinical Characteristics | Age at Initial Discharge (months) | 4.1 ± 2.6 [0.1 – 24.5] (n = 395) |
3.4 ± 1.6 [0.1 – 15.6] (n = 303) |
5.7 ± 2.0† [0.4 – 10.3] |
6.9 ± 4.1‡ [0.23 – 24.5] |
<0.001 | |
| Age at First BPD Outpatient Visit (months) | 7.5 ± 5.6 [0.9 – 51.3] |
6.7 ± 5.1 [0.9 – 41.6] |
9.6 ± 5.2† [4.7 – 29.0] |
10.6 ± 6.9† [3.1 – 51.3] |
<0.001 | ||
| Home Ventilator Support (% Yes) | 2.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 14.5‡ | <0.001 | ||
| Home Supplemental Oxygen (% Yes) | 36.9 | 32.4 | 46.7 | 56.5† | 0.001 | ||
| Inhaled Corticosteroid Use prior to 2 Years of Age (% Yes) | 79.2 | 74.8 | 90.0 | 95.2† | <0.001 | ||
*
Chi-square tests were conducted for dichotomous and categorical variables and ANOVA tests for continuous variables for the three groups of subjects (No GT, GT only, and GT with Nissen fundoplication).
†
Bonferroni p<0.05 compared to group without GTs.
‡
Bonferroni p<0.05 compared to both group without GTs and group with GTs.