. 2014 Jul 1;23(7):563–572. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2013.4611

Table 4.

Calcium and Vitamin D Evidence of Benefit

Source	Supplement	Comment
Cranney¹⁹	Vitamin D (>700 IU/day)+calcium (500-1,200 mg/day)	Systematic review
		Prevents bone loss compared with placebo
Women's Health Initiative^21,28	Vitamin D (400 IU)+calcium (dose unspecified)	Decreased total hip bone loss
		No reduction in incidence of hip fracture
Cranney,¹⁹ Chung²⁹	Vitamin D (400-800 IU/day) without calcium	No decrease in fractures
		Decreased risk of nonvertebral and hip fractures in older patients in institutionalized settings with higher vitamin D dose
		Decreased falls with vitamin D and calcium
Dawnson-Hughes,³⁰ Chapuy³¹	Dietary calcium and vitamin D	Decreased fracture incidence