Table 3.
Neonatal and maternal serum retinol concentration by sex and anthropometric status
| Characteristics | Serum retinol (µmol/L) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neonatal | Maternal | |||||||
| n | Mean | SD | p* | n | Mean | SD | p* | |
| All infants | 65 | 1.13 | 0.60 | 61 | 1.46 | 0.63 | ||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 28 | 0.91 | 0.43 | 0.01 | 27 | 1.35 | 0.46 | 0.22 |
| Female | 37 | 1.29 | 0.67 | 34 | 1.56 | 0.73 | ||
| Birthweight (g) | ||||||||
| <3,000 | 18 | 1.18 | 0.85 | 0.66 | 17 | 1.65 | 0.65 | 0.17 |
| ≥3,000 | 47 | 1.11 | 0.49 | 44 | 1.40 | 0.62 | ||
| Body mass index-for-age (z-score) | ||||||||
| ≥ −2 to ≤ +1 | 50 | 1.13 | 0.85 | 0.78† | 47 | 1.49 | 0.66 | 0.65† |
| > +1 to ≤ +2 | 09 | 1.26 | 0.68 | 08 | 1.38 | 0.60 | ||
| > +2 to ≤ +3 | 02 | 0.96 | 0.44 | 02 | 1.87 | 0.30 | ||
| Length-for-age (z-score) | ||||||||
| ≥ −3 to < −2 | 05 | 1.09 | 0.52 | 0.83 | 05 | 1.26 | 0.67 | 0.41 |
| ≥ −2 | 56 | 1.15 | 0.62 | 52 | 1.51 | 0.65 | ||
*Student's t-test for unpaired data; †ANOVA