Fig. 1.

Pancreatic islets with β cells from diabetic animals with immune cell infiltration or from normoglycaemic animals without immune cell infiltration. Immunostaining for CD4⁺ (a), CD8⁺ T cells (b), insulin (c), and CD68⁺ infiltrating macrophages (d) from the diabetic LEW.1AR1-iddm rats (a-d) and immunostaining for insulin (e–h) for normoglycaemic LEW.1AR1-iddm rats (e), the LEW.1AR1 (f), LEW.1WR1 (g) and LEW rats (h). The immune cell composition comprised CD8⁺ T cells and CD68⁺ macrophages with a small number of CD4⁺ T cells after diabetes manifestation. The remaining β cells after diabetes manifestation as well as the β cells in the absence of diabetes showed a moderate to dense insulin immunostaining. Diaminobenzidene (DAB) immunohistochemistry with haematoxylin counterstaining.