Table 1.
Biologic response modifiers currently available in the United States (Source: www.fda.gov).
| Class | Agent | Brand name example* | FDA approval date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alkylating agents | Cyclophosphamide | Cytoxan | Nov. 1959 |
| Antimetabolites | Azathioprine | Imuran | Mar. 1968 |
| Methotrexate | Mexate | Sept. 1979 | |
| Calcineurin inhibitors | Cyclosporine | Sandimmune | Nov. 1983 |
| Tacrolimus | Prograf | Apr. 1994 | |
| IL-2R antibodies | Basiliximab | Simulect | May 1998 |
| Daclizumab | Zenapax | Dec. 1997 | |
| Efalizumab | Raptiva | Oct. 2003 | |
| mTOR inhibitors | Everolimus | Afinitor | Mar. 2009 |
| Pimecrolimus | Elidel | Dec. 2001 | |
| Sirolimus | Rapamune | Sept. 1999 | |
| Temsirolimus | Torisel | May 2007 | |
| Purine synthesis inhibitors | Mycophenolic acid | Myfortic | Feb. 2004 |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | Cellcept | May 1995 | |
| T-cell depletion antibodies | Antithymocyte immunoglobulin | Thymoglobulin | Nov. 1981 |
FDA: Food and Drug Administration.
IL-2R: Interleukin-2 Receptor.
mTOR: Mammalian Target of Rapamycin.
*
Product brand names are the property of their respective manufacturers.