Table 3.
Properties and approval status of extracellular gadolinium-based contrast agents.a
| CHEMICAL NAME | TRADE NAME | MANUFACTURER | CHARGE AND CHEMICAL STRUCTURE | CONCENTRATION (mol/L) | KINETIC STABILITYb | RELAXIVITY (3 T IN PLASMA, 37°C) [L/mmol−1s−1] | T1 SHORTENING TIME (MS) IN BLOOD FOR 1 mL/L AGENT | VISCOSITY [mPa*s] | OSMOLALITY [mOsm/kg H2O] | EXCRETION | RECOMMENDED DOSES FOR IMAGING (mmol/kg) | APPROVED DOSES FOR CHILDREN (mmol/kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gadodiamide | Omniscan | GE Healthcare | Nonionic linear | 0.5 | 35 s | 4.0 | 880.85 | 1.4 | 790 | Renal | Body 0.1 CNS 0.1 Kidney 0.05 Intrathoracic, intra-abdominal, pelvic 0.1 |
From 2 years: 0.1 |
| Gadopentetate dimeglumine | Magnevist | Bayer | Ionic linear | 0.5 | 10 min | 3.7 | 864.80 | 2.9 | 1960 | Renal | CNS 0.1 Extracranial/ extraspinal 0.1 Body 0.1 |
From 2 years: 0.1 |
| Gadobenate dimeglumine | MultiHance | Bracco | Ionic linear | 0.5 | N/A | 5.5 | 960.96 | 5.3 | 1970 | Renal, 4–5% hepatobiliary | CNS 0.1 MRA 0.1 |
From 2 years: 0.1 |
| Gadoversetamide | OptiMARK | Tyco | Nonionic linear | 0.5 | N/A | 4.5 | N/A | 2.0 | 1110 | Renal | CNS 0.1 Liver 0.1 |
Not approved <18 years |
| Gadoterate meglumine | Dotarem | Guerbet | Ionic cyclic | 0.5 | >1 month | 3.5 | 859.0 | 2.0 | 1350 | Renal | CNS 0.1 Extracranial/ extraspinal 0.1 Body 0.1 |
Infants and children: 0.1 |
| Gadoteridol | ProHance | Bracco | Nonionic cyclic | 0.5 | 3 h | 3.7 | 870.33 | 1.3 | 630 | Renal | CNS 0.1 Extracranial/ extraspinal 0.1 |
From 2 years: 0.1 |
| Gadobutrol | Gadovist, Gadavist | Bayer | Nonionic cyclic | 1.0 | 24 h | 5.0 | 1036.96 | 4.96 | 1390 | Renal | CNS 0.1 Liver 0.1 Kidney 0.1 MRA 0.1 Whole body (EU) 0.1 |
From 2 years: 0.1 |
| Gadoxetic acid | Primovist | Bayer | Ionic linear | 0.5 | N/A | 6.2 | N/A | 1.19 | 668 | 50% renal, 50% hepatobiliary | Liver 0.025 | Not approved <18 years |
a
Please consult your local prescribing information for the latest information on approved indications and dosing.
b
Kinetic stability: dissociation half-life at pH 1.0.