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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 9.
Published in final edited form as: Matern Child Health J. 2013 Dec;17(10):1913–1921. doi: 10.1007/s10995-012-1217-2

Table 1.

Characteristics of children (5–18 years) in immigrant families, by parental immigrant subgroup: New Immigrant Survey 2003

Parental subgroup
Legalizeda Mixed-statusb Refugee Temp. Res.c Undoc.d
Number 504 419 290 787 170
Child’s characteristics
Age, year (SD) 11.1 (3.5) 10.4 (3.8) 11.5 (3.8) 10.9 (3.7) 11.0 (3.8)
Sex, % female 44.1 49.6 45.5 52.2 51.8
Region of birth, %
 Asia 0.2 9.8 13.1 28.3 2.4
 Latin America/Caribbean 14.3 20.3 12.8 14.5 33.3
 Europe/Central Asia 0 4.1 36.6 11.1 0
 United States 85.3 61.5 21.0 33.3 64.3
 Other 0.2 4.3 16.6 12.9 0
Health insurance, % private 30.0 42.5 30.3 50.4 20.0
Parents’ characteristics
Region of birth, %
 Asia 46.1 15.6 15.3 38.7 2.9
 Latin America/Caribbean 22.4 65.6 23.7 35.8 97.1
 Europe/Central Asia 23.1 8.9 39.0 13.4 0
 Other 8.4 9.9 22.0 12.1 0
Educational attainment, %
 <High school 72.3 39.4 37.9 27.8 71.2
 High school 20.1 27.5 31.6 10.5 24.0
 College 7.2 20.5 15.3 28.0 2.9
 Postgraduate 0.3 12.6 15.3 33.8 1.9
Employment status, % unemployed 5.1 5.3 6.4 5.7 10.2
Limited English proficiencye, % 64.8 51.6 55.8 36.0 75.0
Household income ≤ $18,400, % 17.3 16.1 23.2 16.1 23.1
Time in the US, year (SD) 15.7 (3.7) 7.9 (6.5) 6.6 (3.9) 8.1 (5.4) 12.2 (6.2)
State of residence (eligible)f, % 94.3 75.7 66.6 79.8 83.5

P < 0.05,

P <0.001

a

Legalized: children in families with at least one parent who had been undocumented prior to receiving legal status through an immigration regularization program in the 1990s

b

Mixed-status: children in families with one US-citizen parent and one non-citizen parent

c

Temporary Resident: children in families with at least one parent who had been a temporary resident in the US prior to becoming LPR

d

Undocumented: children whose parent or parents had been undocumented prior to becoming LPR

e

Respondents who reported speaking English “not well” or “not at all”

f

A dichotomous variable was created to reflect whether the respondent was residing in a state that had extended public health insurance eligibility to all age- and income-eligible LPRs by 2002