Table 1.

Published randomized, controlled trials of ketamine for major depression

Reference	Diagnosis	n	Comorbidity	Dose/route	Adjunctive medications	Effect size at 24 h postinfusion	Effect size at 1 week postinfusion	Response rate at 24 h postinfusion	Response rate at 1 week postinfusion	Remission rate at 24 h postinfusion	Remission rate at 1 week postinfusion
18	MDD and BDep (TRD not reported)	8	Current anxiety disorder: 13%	0.5 mg/kg racemic/IV	None	d = 0.90 (95% CI: 0.69–1.11)	N/A (final endpoint at 72 h)	25% (2/8)	N/A (final endpoint at 72 h)	0% (0/8) (HDRS ≤7)	N/A (final endpoint at 72 hours)
19	MDD/TRD	17	Lifetime anxiety disorder: 65%	0.5 mg/kg racemic/IV	None	d = 1.46 (95% CI: 0.91–2.01	d = 0.68 (95% CI: 0.13–1.23)	71% (12/17)	38% (6/16)	29% (5/17) (HDRS ≤7)	31% (5/16) (HDRS ≤7)
28	BDep/TRD	16	Lifetime anxiety disorder: 35%	0.5 mg/kg racemic/IV	Li or VPA	d = 0.67 (95% CI: 0.42–0.91)	d = 0.16 (95% CI: −0.09–0.41)	44% (7/16)	29% (4/14)	31% (5/16) (MADRS <10)	14% (2/14) (MADRS <10)
20	MDD (TRD not reported)	10	Current anxiety disorder: 20%	0.5 mg/kg racemic/IV	None	d = 0.80 (95% CI: 0.55–1.05)	d = 0.53 (95% CI: 0.22–0.84)	20% (2/10)	20% (2/10)	20% (2/10) (HDRS ≤7)	30% (3/10) (HDRS ≤7)
29	BDep/TRD	14	Lifetime anxiety disorder: 73%	0.5 mg/kg racemic/IV	Li or VPA	d = 0.70 (95% CI: 0.42–0.98)	d = 0.13 (95% CI: −0.14–0.41)	43% (6/14)	8% (1/12)	29% (4/14) (MADRS <10)	0% (0/12) (MADRS <10)

Abbreviations: BDep, bipolar depression; CI, confidence interval; HDRS, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; IV, intravenous; Li, lithium; MADRS, Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale; MDD, major depressive disorder; TRD, treatment-resistant depression; VPA, valproic acid.