Figure 1. SUMO1 conjugation drives the cell cycle progression through G1/S transition.

(a) Normal human brain and glioblastoma tissue samples were examined by western blotting using the indicated antibodies (left). β-actin was used as the protein loading control and the molecular weight were indicated (left). (b) Three human astrocyte samples and two glioblastoma cell lines (top) were tested by western blotting for the expression of SUMO1-conjugated proteins and CDK6. (c) LN229 cells were transduced or not with the empty, scramble control, SUMO1 shRNA as indicated (top) and examined by western blotting using a SUMO1 antibody. (d) Three cell lines transduced with the shRNAs (top) were analyzed for cell growth for 4 days (points: means; bar: SE; n = 6 from two independent experiments; *** P < 0.001; student’s t-test). (e,f) The transduced cell lines were analyzed by flow cytometry for cell cycle (e) and BrdU incorporation (f) (points: means; bar: SD; n = 3 from two independent experiments; *** P < 0.001; student’s t-test).