Table 2.
Glial response to neurotrophic therapies in in vivo models.
| References | Species | Condition | Vector | Delivery site | Nature of the glial response |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rahim et al., 2012 | MF1 mouse (fetal) | Normal | Ad5 and AAV pseudotypes 2/5, 2/8, 2/9 | Lateral ventricle (trans-uterine injection) | No significant microglia-mediated immune response (with any of the vectors) |
| Louboutin et al., 2011 | Rhesus macaque | Normal | Recombinant SV40-derived vector | Caudate nucleus | No microglia or astrocyte reactions |
| Rahim et al., 2011 | MF1 mouse (fetal and neonatal) | Normal | AAV pseudotype 2/9 | Intravenous | No microglia-mediated immune response |
| Hadaczek et al., 2010 | Male Rhesus macaque | PD (MPTP lesion) | AAV | Striatum | No signs of neuroinflammation or reactive gliosis up to 8 years |
| Lattanzi et al., 2010 | Mouse | Globoid cell or metachromatic leukodystrophy | Lentivirus (coding for beta-galactocerebrosidase or arylsulfatase A) | External capsule | Decrease in activated astrocytes and microglia |
| Snyder-Keller et al., 2010 | B6.HDR6/1 mouse | HD | AAV2/1 (delivering anti-htt scFv-C4) | Striatum | Modest glial reaction (activated microglia) at the injection site |
| Toupet et al., 2008 | C57Bl/6J mouse | Prion disease | Lentivirus | Hippocampus | Remarkable decrease in astrogliosis |
| Louboutin et al., 2007 | Female Sprague-Dawley rat | Normal | Recombinant SV40-derived | Caudate-putamen or lateral ventricle | Increased number of astrocytes along the needle track (suggested to be reparative gliosis in response to the minor lesion provoked by the needle) |
| Zou et al., 2001 | Male Fischer-344 rat | Aged brain | hdAdv and fgAdv | Intraventricular or hippocampus | Activation of microglia and astrocytes at injection sites: lower with hdAdv than with fgAdv |
| Driesse et al., 1998 | Rhesus macaque | Normal | Adenovirus | Frontal lobe white matter (unilateral) | Astrocyte activation |
Abbreviations: AAV, Adeno-associated virus; Ad5, Adenovirus serotype 5; fgAdv, first-generation adenoviral vectors; HD, Huntington's disease; hdAdv, Helper-dependent adenovirus; htt, huntingtin; MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; PD, Parkinson's disease.