Table 2.
The effects of long-term resistance exercise on anxiety measures.
| Study | Population | Sex | Age | N | Design (rand) | Intensity (1RM) | Weeks | Days | Minutes | Measure | Anxiety outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agil et al. (2010) | Postmenopausal | F | 53 | 18 | Between (simple) | NI | 8 | 3 | NI | SCL-90 | Decreased |
| Aidar et al. (2012) | Ischemic stroke | M/F | 52 | 11 | Between (simple) | Self-selected | 12 | 3 | 45–60 | STAI | Decreased |
| Bircan et al. (2008) | Fibromyalgia | F | 46 | 13 | Between (simple) | Progressive | 8 | 3 | 40 | HADS | No change (trend) |
| Cassilhas et al. (2007) | Older (healthy) | M/F | 68 | 20 | Between (simple) | 50% vs 80% | 24 | 3 | 60 | POMS | Decreased (in 50%) |
| Cassilhas et al., 2010 | Older (healthy) | M | 68 | 20 | Between (simple) | 80% | 24 | 3 | 60 | STAI | Decreased |
| Courneya et al., 2007a,b | Breast cancer | F | 49 | 73 | Between (stratified) | 60–70% | 17 | 3 | 15–45 | STAI | No change (trend) |
| Herring et al. (2012) | GAD | F | 26 | 10 | Between (blocked) | 35–50% + 5% weekly | 6 | 2 | 46 | PSWQ | Decreased (with aerobic) |
| Jette et al. (1996) | Older (healthy) | M/F | 72 | 42 | Between (simple) | Progressive | 12–15 | 2 | 30 | POMS | Decreases (greatest in M) |
| Norvell and Belles (1993) | Law officers | M | 33 | 14 | Between (simple) | Progressive | 16 | 3 | 20 | SCL-90 | Decreased |
| Sjogren et al. (2006) | Office workers | M/F | 46 | 90 | Within (cluster) | 30% | 15 | 5 | 6-8 | VAS | No change |
| Tsutsumi et al. (1997) | Older (healthy) | M/F | 69 | 14 | Between (simple) | 75–85% vs 55–65% | 12 | 3 | NI | POMSSTAI | Decreased (greatest 55–65) |
| Tsutsumi et al. (1998) | Older (healthy) | M/F | 69 | 12 | Between (simple) | 75–85% vs 55–65% | 12 | 3 | NI | POMSSTAI | Decreased (greatest 55–65) |
RM, repetition max; M, male; F, female; NI, not indicated; GAD, Generalized Anxiety Disorder; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; POMS, Profile of Mood States; PSWQ, Penn State Worry Questionnaire; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; SCL-90, Symptom Checklist-90; VAS, Visual Analog Scale; Rand, randomization; N, sample size in exercise group; age, mean.