Table 5.

Comparison of the LPS dose required to induce physiological changes across species, relative to the LPS dose required in humans.

	Threshold of physiological changes	Severe sepsis or lethal dose
Humans	1–5 ng/kg (i.v.)
Chimpanzees	1–5 ng/kg (i.v.)
Baboons and old world monkeys	0.1–6 mg/kg (i.v.)
Rabbits	2–4 ng/kg (i.v.)	5 mg/kg (i.v.)
Swine		10 μg/kg (i.v.) (30% of animals)
Mice	0.5 mg/kg (i.p.)	8 mg/kg (i.p.)
Rats		15 mg/kg (i.p.) to 40 mg/kg (i.v.)