Table 7.
Average cortical volume of imaged participants in mm3
| Region | PME
|
PTE
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| non-PME (n = 15) | PME (n = 20) | t value | p1 | non-PTE (n = 9) | PTE (n = 26) | t value | p1 | |
| DLPFC – left | ||||||||
| Rostral middle frontal – left | 18,412.6 (2,542.6) | 18,151.2 (3,108.2) | –0.16 | 0.875 | 18,235.3 (2,294.4) | 18,272.9 (3,049.8) | –0.77 | 0.449 |
| Caudal middle frontal – left | 7,185.9 (1,140.7) | 6,897.8 (1,105.2) | 0.36 | 0.723 | 7,569.1 (800.9) | 6,831.6 (1,155.3) | –1.59 | 0.124 |
| DLPFC – right | ||||||||
| Rostral middle frontal – right | 19,823.7 (3,091.0) | 19,364.8 (2,432.5) | –0.20 | 0.842 | 18,596.1 (2,379.0) | 19,895.7 (2,767.1) | 0.37 | 0.713 |
| Caudal middle frontal – right | 6,515.8 (1,044.9) | 6,744.8 (1,239.1) | 1.46 | 0.157 | 6,928.3 (1,034.6) | 6,549.1 (1,189.7) | –1.96 | 0.061 |
| Cingulate gyrus – left | ||||||||
| Rostral anterior cingulate – left | 2,513.3 (409.6) | 2,617.0 (444.0) | 0.69 | 0.499 | 2,408.9 (391.0) | 2,629.2 (430.8) | 0.38 | 0.704 |
| Caudal anterior cingulate – left | 2,031.7 (378.2) | 2,100.4 (418.2) | 0.07 | 0.943 | 2,023.1 (425.3) | 2,087.5 (394.6) | –0.41 | 0.689 |
| Cingulate gyrus – right | ||||||||
| Rostral anterior cingulate – right | 2,012.3 (369.1) | 1,890.4 (381.6) | 1.12 | 0.273 | 2,048.7 (433.1) | 1,906.0 (355.8) | –2.02 | 0.054 |
| Caudal anterior cingulate – right | 2,307.3 (649.3) | 2,331.1 (494.3) | 0.40 | 0.689 | 2,352.3 (779.4) | 2,310.0 (476.6) | –0.33 | 0.743 |
| OFC – left | ||||||||
| Lateral OFC – left | 8,915.1 (713.6) | 8,539.0 (1,248.6) | 0.00 | 0.998 | 8,901.9 (711.6) | 8,630.4 (1,156.2) | –0.21 | 0.834 |
| Medial OFC – left | 5,376.9 (715.5) | 5,608.7 (993.2) | 0.91 | 0.370 | 5,299.9 (886.3) | 5,581.8 (884.5) | 0.09 | 0.926 |
| OFC – right | ||||||||
| Lateral OFC – right | 8,631.5 (739.7) | 8,054.9 (943.4) | –0.38 | 0.707 | 8,868.6 (726.5) | 8,105.9 (878.9) | –1.37 | 0.183 |
| Medial OFC – right | 5,711.7 (601.9) | 5,949.5 (1,384.0) | 0.57 | 0.575 | 5,666.6 (646.0) | 5,910.3 (1,236.3) | –0.09 | 0.926 |
| Posterior cingulate – left | 3,879.1 (423.2) | 4,119.5 (424.9) | 0.45 | 0.657 | 3,923.6 (482.8) | 4,048.6 (422.5) | –0.05 | 0.964 |
| Posterior cingulate – right | 4,003.1 (668.2) | 4,000.8 (587.7) | 0.06 | 0.952 | 3,962.3 (767.3) | 4,015.5 (568.6) | 0.16 | 0.874 |
| Inferior parietal lobule – left | ||||||||
| Inferior parietal cortex – left | 16,717.7 (2,328.8) | 15,205.3 (2,009.8) | –1.05 | 0.305 | 16,581.0 (1,741.5) | 15,601.7 (2,380.0) | –0.09 | 0.931 |
| Supramarginal gyrus – left | 14,224.9 (1,799.1) | 13,943.0 (1,789.2) | 1.07 | 0.296 | 14,797.8 (1,064.0) | 13,809.7 (1,910.3) | –1.37 | 0.184 |
| Inferior parietal lobule – right | ||||||||
| Inferior parietal cortex – right | 20,174.9 (2,270.8) | 18,978.7 (1,820.8) | –0.38 | 0.709 | 20,580.8 (2,423.6) | 19,114.2 (1,855.5) | –0.84 | 0.407 |
| Supramarginal gyrus – right | 11,996.5 (1,798.0) | 11,885.1 (1,834.8) | 1.68 | 0.106 | 12,668.3 (2,079.9) | 11,678.2 (1,651.3) | –1.37 | 0.182 |
| Superior temporal gyrus – left | 13,252.0 (1,280.2) | 12,671.1 (1,910.7) | 0.19 | 0.848 | 13,365.1 (1,132.0) | 12,766.0 (1,817.1) | –1.38 | 0.180 |
| Superior temporal gyrus – right | 12,939.7 (1,640.0) | 11,833.4 (2,037.0) | –0.70 | 0.493 | 13,418.6 (1,582.2) | 11,922.9 (1,918.4) | –1.75 | 0.093 |
| Post. asp. sup. temporal sulcus – left | 3,379.0 (548.2) | 2,878.2 (454.0) | –1.32 | 0.199 | 3,292.3 (518.8) | 3,023.8 (552.7) | 0.81 | 0.428 |
| Post. asp. sup. temporal sulcus – right | 3,421.7 (745.3) | 2,814.3 (593.8) | –2.51 | 0.019* | 3,141.9 (535.5) | 3,051.3 (782.0) | 0.73 | 0.474 |
| Lingual gyrus – left | 7,391.2 (896.3) | 6,882.2 (1,062.5) | –1.33 | 0.195 | 7,376.1 (572.6) | 7,004.9 (1,120.2) | –0.06 | 0.953 |
| Lingual gyrus – right | 7,469.5 (726.2) | 7,504.9 (1,314.5) | 0.03 | 0.976 | 7,348.7 (733.0) | 7,538.5 (1,194.7) | 0.36 | 0.722 |
| Inferior temporal gyrus – left | 11,732.7 (2,042.2) | 10,252.1 (1,604.6) | –1.35 | 0.191 | 12,137.8 (1,526.8) | 10,453.5 (1,881.3) | –1.14 | 0.263 |
| Inferior temporal gyrus – right | 10,524.5 (2,405.7) | 10,176.9 (2,362.5) | –0.06 | 0.956 | 10,814.4 (2,388.5) | 10,156.7 (2,362.8) | –0.18 | 0.861 |
| Lateral occipital cortex – left | 14,479.3 (1,595.2) | 13,965.7 (2,294.8) | 0.17 | 0.869 | 14,860.6 (1,822.9) | 13,952.2 (2,057.6) | –0.94 | 0.355 |
| Lateral occipital cortex – right | 13,548.5 (1,655.6) | 13,103.0 (1,795.1) | –0.88 | 0.389 | 13,432.1 (1,865.7) | 13,246.1 (1,711.4) | –0.59 | 0.561 |
| Middle temporal gyrus – left | 13,143.5 (1,105.2) | 11,603.8 (1,848.5) | –1.18 | 0.249 | 13,569.2 (1,038.8) | 11,811.7 (1,709.5) | –1.05 | 0.303 |
| Middle temporal gyrus – right | 13,281.9 (1,873.4) | 12,225.3 (2,560.3) | –0.18 | 0.861 | 13,654.2 (1,964.1) | 12,340.2 (2,373.6) | –0.48 | 0.633 |
| Parahippocampal gyrus – left | 2,230.5 (386.6) | 2,222.3 (497.3) | 0.60 | 0.555 | 2,311.6 (398.3) | 2,196.1 (466.2) | 0.14 | 0.892 |
| Parahippocampal gyrus – right | 2,129.9 (311.3) | 2,162.2 (321.9) | 0.55 | 0.589 | 2,109.1 (393.2) | 2,161.9 (288.3) | 0.31 | 0.757 |
| Inferior frontal gyrus – left | ||||||||
| Pars opercularis gyrus – left | 6,038.2 (677.2) | 5,808.8 (711.9) | –0.02 | 0.984 | 6,123.6 (692.5) | 5,832.2 (695.6) | 0.06 | 0.951 |
| Pars triangularis gyrus – left | 4,539.4 (969.9) | 4,693.8 (977.7) | 0.50 | 0.619 | 4,682.7 (1,059.9) | 4,608.6 (948.9) | –0.08 | 0.941 |
| Pars orbitalis gyrus – left | 2,615.7 (368.3) | 2,545.7 (503.3) | –0.27 | 0.791 | 2,531.8 (323.8) | 2,590.9 (485.5) | 0.90 | 0.379 |
| Inferior frontal gyrus – right | ||||||||
| Pars opercularis gyrus – right | 4,486.1 (862.6) | 4,958.4 (745.7) | 1.86 | 0.074 | 4,761.6 (1,123.5) | 4,754.0 (715.4) | –1.41 | 0.171 |
| Pars triangularis gyrus – right | 5,444.4 (900.3) | 5,293.2 (1,160.7) | 0.21 | 0.838 | 5,244.6 (831.2) | 5,397.3 (1,121.8) | 0.44 | 0.665 |
| Pars orbitalis gyrus – right | 3,014.1 (436.3) | 3,125.4 (577.5) | 0.86 | 0.400 | 3,154.3 (446.5) | 3,051.2 (545.6) | –1.00 | 0.329 |
| Precuneus cortex – left | 12,247.0 (1,332.4) | 11,884.8 (1,592.9) | 0.38 | 0.708 | 12,094.1 (1,268.8) | 12,021.3 (1,557.8) | 0.21 | 0.838 |
| Precuneus cortex – right | 12,652.2 (1,415.0) | 11,890.8 (1,548.1) | –0.65 | 0.522 | 12,623.4 (1,671.8) | 12,076.4 (1,472.1) | –0.01 | 0.992 |
| Precentral gyrus – left | 13,914.5 (1,267.2) | 13,948.1 (1,188.3) | 0.56 | 0.579 | 13,500.9 (708.7) | 14,083.5 (1,312.0) | 0.56 | 0.583 |
| Precentral gyrus – right | 13,581.5 (1,255.6) | 13,533.5 (1,817.2) | 0.92 | 0.365 | 13,873.2 (1,250.5) | 13,443.5 (1,686.3) | –1.02 | 0.317 |
| Superior frontal gyrus – left | 26,225.1 (2,757.5) | 26,086.5 (2,989.8) | 0.82 | 0.421 | 26,385.1 (3,520.6) | 26,063.0 (2,657.9) | –1.28 | 0.213 |
| Superior frontal gyrus – right | 25,502.2 (2,557.9) | 25,810.3 (2,695.3) | 0.40 | 0.690 | 25,468.1 (2,634.1) | 25,751.0 (2,641.2) | –0.23 | 0.818 |
| Superior parietal cortex – left | 16,920.1 (2,503.9) | 16,461.7 (2,243.9) | 0.13 | 0.898 | 17,026.6 (2,397.9) | 16,530.7 (2,346.0) | –0.24 | 0.809 |
| Superior parietal cortex – right | 16,751.5 (1,512.2) | 17,303.1 (1,907.7) | 0.38 | 0.709 | 16,842.8 (1,371.2) | 17,144.2 (1,877.4) | 0.70 | 0.490 |
| Frontal pole – left | 1,021.1 (248.5) | 987.0 (303.1) | –0.64 | 0.527 | 909.3 (218.6) | 1,033.5 (292.2) | 1.90 | 0.069 |
| Frontal pole – right | 1,306.0 (335.8) | 1,375.1 (454.6) | –0.07 | 0.945 | 1,240.4 (216.5) | 1,381.8 (448.9) | 0.68 | 0.503 |
Values in parentheses are SD. Post. asp. sup. = Posterior aspect of the superior.
1
Adjusted for prenatal MA (or TOB), marijuana, age at time of scan, gender, handedness, pulse sequence and total intracranial volume.
*
p ≤ 0.099 after multiplicity adjustment within domain category using the step-up Hochberg Bonferroni method [60].