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. 2014 Jul 2;14:218. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-218

Table 1.

Characteristics of study subjects and prevalence of herbal medicinal product use – by health related indicators

 
 Study subjects
 Herbal medicinal product users
  
 
 N*
 %**
 n*
 %**
 95 %CI
 P***              
Total 17,450 100 1,055 5.8 5.3-6.3              
Children's health status
 
  
  
  
  
  
Parents-rated health status
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 Excellent
 6,873
 39.1
 366
 5.2
 4.6-5.9
 .002
Good
 9,250
 54.1
 592
 6.1
 5.5-6.8
Fair/bad/very bad
 1,102
 6.7
 92
 7.9
 6.2-10.0
CSHCN-Screener****
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 Yes
 2,205
 13.7
 135
 6.2
 5.1-7.6
 .629
No
 13,752
 86.3
 857
 5.9
 5.4-6.5
Body mass index (BMI)
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 Underweight
 1,121
 7.0
 80
 6.3
 4.8-8.2
 .136
Normal
 13,567
 78.4
 833
 5.9
 5.4-6.5
Overweight
 2,517
 14.6
 130
 4.8
 3.8-6.0
Children's health behavior
 
  
  
  
  
  
Sports activities
  
  
  
  
  
  
(children aged 3–17 years only)
          
 
 Daily
 2,335
 16.7
 89
 3.7
 3.0-4.7
 .000
3-5 times/week
 3,119
 23.3
 142
 4.6
 3.9-5.6
1-2 times/week
 5,811
 40.2
 353
 6.0
 5.2-6.8
1-2 times/month
 1,306
 8.5
 100
 7.3
 5.9-9.2
Never
 1,691
 11.3
 82
 4.6
 3.6-5.9
Vegetable & fruit consumption
  
  
  
  
  
  
(children aged 1–17 years only)
 
 Low
 3,866
 26.6
 185
 4.8
 4.0-5.7
 .002
Middle
 7,415
 47.2
 455
 5.9
 5.2-6.7
High
 4,176
 26.2
 288
 7.0
 6.1-8.0
Parental socio-economic status
 
  
  
  
  
Immigration background
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 No
 14,790
 82.8
 957
 6.3
 5.7-6.9
 .000
Yes
 2,580
 17.2
 93
 3.5
 2.8-4.2
Maternal education level
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 Primary
 3,849
 25.4
 171
 4.3
 3.6-5.2
 .000
Middle
 7,836
 40.3
 510
 6.4
 5.6-7.2
Higher
 4,838
 28.5
 339
 6.7
 6.0-7.6
Others
 927
 5.7
 35
 3.5
 2.3-5.3
Paternal educationlevel
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 Primary
 4,832
 31.7
 233
 4.7
 4.0-5.5
 .000
Middle
 5,933
 28.1
 401
 6.5
 5.6-7.5
Higher
 5,100
 31.3
 368
 7.0
 6.2-7.9
Others
 1,585
 9.0
 53
 3.4
 2.5-4.7
Household income per month
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 <1500 €
 3,558
 19.0
 183
 5.0
 4.2-6.0
 .021
1500 - <2250 €
 4,469
 26.6
 262
 5.3
 4.5-6.2
2250 - <3000 €
 4,354
 27.2
 284
 6.2
 5.4-7.1
> = 3000 €
 3,986
 27.2
 267
 6.6
 5.8-7.5
Social status
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 Lower
 4,760
 27.5
 234
 4.7
 4.0-5.5
 .001
Intermediate
 7,901
 45.4
 506
 6.1
 5.4-6.9
Upper
 4,366
 27.0
 307
 6.9
 6.0-7.8
Parents-related health behavior
 
  
  
  
  
Exclusive breastfeeding of children
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 Never
 3,646
 22.6
 193
 5.1
 4.3-6.1
 .010
Combined with formula milk/unclear
 2,493
 7.8
 130
 5.1
 4.1-6.3
< 4 months
 3,739
 20.8
 229
 5.6
 4.8-6.6
4-5 months
 3,174
 18.5
 216
 6.5
 5.6-7.5
≥ 6 months
 3,796
 23.5
 270
 7.0
 6.1-8.0
Children exposed to passive smoking at home
  
  
  
  
  
  
  Daily
 2,612
 16.6
 102
 3.8
 3.1-4.8
 .000
Sometimes
 2,236
 13.1
 121
 5.1
 4.1-6.2
Never 12,137 70.4 820 6.5 5.9-7.2

*Absolute numbers, unweighted, the sum of subgroups may not be equal to the total because of missing values.

**Percentages, weighted.

***P-values: derived from Rao-Scott chi-square tests for the difference of prevalence estimates within specific groups.

****Children with Special Health Care Needs.

Data source: German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) 2003–2006.