Table 1.

Potential Circulating miRNA Biomarkers in IBD (UC and CD), and RA

Disease	miRNA	Expression in Disease Compared to Healthy Controls	Site of Observaion	Concordant Expression Trend in Disease Tissue	References
active ulcerative colitis (UC)	miR-103-2*	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miR-1263	increased	micro-vesicle fractions	NA	[46]
	miR-151-5p	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
		increased	peripheral blood	NA	[60]
	miR-155	increased	peripheral blood	Y	[60]
	miR-16	increased	peripheral blood	Y	[60]
	miR-199a-5p	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
		increased	peripheral blood	NA	[60]
	miR-202	increased	micro-vesicle fractions	NA	[46]
	miR-21	increased	peripheral blood	Y	[60]
	miR-221*	increased	micro-vesicle fractions	NA	[46]
	miR-28-5p	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
		increased	peripheral blood	NA	[60]
	miR-340*	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miR-362-3p	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miR-455-3p	increased	micro-vesicle fractions	NA	[46]
	miR-505*	decreased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miR-532-3p	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miR-603	increased	micro-vesicle fractions	NA	[46]
	miR-628-5p	increased	micro-vesicle fractions	NA	[46]
	miRPlus-E1271	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
inactive ulcerative colitis (UC)	miR-103-2*	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miR-362-3p	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miR-505*	decreased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miR-532-3p	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
active Crohn’s disease (CD)	let-7b	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	let-7g	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-106a	increased	peripheral blood	Y	[60]
	miR-106b	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-107	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[60]
	miR-126	increased	peripheral blood	Y	[60]
	miR-140-5p	increased	serum	NA	[48]
active Crohn’s disease (CD)	miR-149*	decreased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miR-16	increased	peripheral blood	Y	[60]
		increased	serum	Y	[48]
	miR-17	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-185	increased	serum	Y	[48]
	miR-191	increased	peripheral blood	Y	[60]
	miR-192	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-195	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-199a-5p	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[60]
		increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miR-19a	increased	serum	Y	[48]
	miR-19b	increased	serum	N	[48]
	miR-200c	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[60]
	miR-20a	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-20b	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-21	increased	serum	Y	[48]
	miR-23a	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[60]
	miR-25	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-29a	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[60]
	miR-301a	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-30d	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-30e	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-340*	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miR-362-3p	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
		increased	peripheral blood	NA	[60]
	miR-451	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-484	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-486-5p	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-532-3p	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
		increased	peripheral blood	NA	[60]
	miR-92a	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miR-93	increased	serum	NA	[48]
	miRPlus-E1271	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miRPlus-F1065	decreased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
inactive Crohn’s disease (CD)	miR-149*	decreased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
	miR-340*	increased	peripheral blood	NA	[66]
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)	miR-132	decreased (when comparing RA and OA to healthy)	plasma	NA	[73]
	miR-146a	correlate with tender joint counts and 28-joint Disease Activity Score.	plasma	Y	[73]
	miR-16	increased	plasma	Y	[83]
	miR-21	increased	plasma	NA	[83]
	miR-223	increased	plasma	Y	[83]
	miR-451	increased	plasma	NA	[83]

Bolded miRNAs were identified using microarray and replicated using qPCR method.

NA: not available. Y: Yes.