Table 2.

Social skills training (SST) and negative symptom outcomes.

Citation	N/diagnosis	Treatment/length of treatment	Control	Negative Sx outcome	Raters blind	Results	Follow-up	Effect size
Dobson (1995)	28/SZ	Group SST/9 weeks	Group Milieu 9 weeks	PANSS	NR	↓ NSx SST only	Maintained at 3 months both groups; Not maintained at 6 months (data for SST only)	NR
Hayes (1995)	63/SZ	Group SST/18 weeks	Discussion group 18 weeks	SANS	NR	No change in NSx	No change at 6 months	NR
Horan (2009)	31/SZ, SA	Group SCST/6 weeks	Relapse prevention group 6 weeks	BPRS: anergia	N	↓ NSx SCST only	–	η2 = −0.18
Lecomte (2008, 2012)	129/SZspec, MDP, Pnos	Group SST/group CBT/3 months	Waitlist	BPRS: negative	Y	↓ NSx CBT and SST	Not maintained at 6 months or at 12 months	η2 = 0.25–0.54 follow-up: NR
Rus-Calafell (2013)	31/SZ, SA	Group SST/16 sessions	TAU	PANSS	N	↓ NSx SST only	Maintained at 6 months	Follow-up: d = 0.39
Sanz (2009)	14/SZ	Group SCST/10 weeks	TAU	PANSS	NR	No change in NSx	–	NR
Xiang (2006)	96/SZ	Group CRM/8 weeks	Group SC	PANSS	Y	↓ NSx CRM only	Maintained at 6 months	NR

Note. Studies in this table are identified by first author surname and year rather than a full citation, as in the references and throughout the text. Raters blind = were the raters blind to subject status; BPRS = Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; CBT = cognitive behavioral therapy; CRM = Cognitive Remediation; MDP: mood disorder with psychotic features; N = no; NR = not reported; NS = non-significant; NSx = negative symptoms; PANSS = Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; Pnos = psychosis not otherwise specified; SA = schizoaffective disorder; SANS = Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms; SC = supportive counseling; SCST = Social Cognitive Skills Training; SZ = schizophrenia; SZspec = schizophrenia spectrum; TAU = treatment as usual; Y = yes; ↓ = significant decrease in scores.