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. 2014 Jul 11;5:252. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00252

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Copyright © 2014 Lu, Zhang, Zhang, Yang, Wu, Xie, Luan and Ling.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Maximum-likelihood tree of insect prophenoloxidases calculated using the RAxML method via the CIPRES Science Gateway (Miller et al., 2010). Crustacean PPOs were used as an outgroup. The PPO genes from various insect species are indicated along with their NCBI accession numbers.