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. 2012 Jan;25(1):22–27. doi: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11084

Table 2.

Distribution (%) of calving ease, stillbirths and placental expulsion in respect of investigated factors

Trait Level Calving ease Stillbirths Placental expulsion



1 2 3 4 1 2 1 2 3
Calving season Fall-winter 66.67 21.11 8.89 3.33 95.33 4.67 70.44 19.11 10.44
Winter-spirng 55.51 24.25 13.43 6.81 92.99 7.01 62.53 22.04 15.43
Summer 62.66 24.03 7.14 6.17 92.53 7.47 64.29 22.73 12.99
Successive calving First 45.25 30.28 15.85 8.63 91.90 8.10 66.73 25.00 8.27
Second 68.88 20.82 7.09 3.20 94.51 5.49 65.90 17.39 16.70
Third 84.13 10.71 3.17 1.98 96.43 3.57 63.49 19.05 17.46
Calf sex 1 (heifer calves) 63.34 23.99 8.95 3.72 95.61 4.39 70.10 21.28 8.61
2 (bull calves) 59.40 22.26 11.43 6.92 92.03 7.97 61.95 21.05 16.99
Husbandry system 1 (tie-stall) 54.82 26.76 11.37 7.05 92.23 7.77 70.36 19.57 10.07
2 (free-stall) 69.22 18.51 8.90 3.38 95.55 4.45 60.14 23.13 16.73