Table 2.

Effects of feeding Bacillus subtilis natto on fecal pH, NH₃-N, and VFA

Item	Treatment1			SEM	p-value
	CON	DFM1	DFM2
pH	6.83	6.78	6.76	0.04	0.37
NH3-N (mg/mL)	13.01	10.36	10.02	0.89	0.07
TVFA (mmol/L)	22.93	22.43	22.63	1.01	0.94
Acetate (mmol/L)	17.34	16.35	17.12	0.8	0.667
Propionate (mmol/L)	3.99	4.08	3.88	0.19	0.80
Butyric (mmol/L)	0.90	0.91	0.91	0.07	0.99
Valeric (mmol/L)	0.3213	0.2809	0.2915	0.01	0.16
Isobutyric (mmol/L)	3.99	3.96	3.88	0.21	0.94
Isovaleric (mmol/L)	0.2	0.18	0.18	0.01	0.83

¹CON = No B. subtilis natto; DFM1 = 0.5×10¹¹ CFU of B. subtilis natto/d; DFM2 = 1.0×10¹¹ CFU of B. subtilis natto/d.