Table 1.
Patient Characteristics at Baseline (n = 180)
| Sociodemographic characteristics | |
| Age, mean in years (SD) | 57.4 (9.5) |
| African American, n (%) | 102 (56.7%) |
| White, n (%) | 65 (36.1%) |
| Hispanic, n (%) | 7 (3.9%) |
| Other, n (%) | 6 (3.3%) |
| Gender, women n (%) | 122 (67.8%) |
| Less than HS education, n (%) | 29 (16.1%) |
| Medications | |
| Number of medications, mean (SD) | 9.7 (4.8) |
| Frequency of antidepressant per day, mean (SD) | 1.1 (.34) |
| Frequency of oral hypoglycemic agent per day, mean (SD) | 1.3 (.48) |
| Health status | |
| Medical conditions, mean (SD) | 7.3 (3.2) |
| Functional status (SF-36) | |
| Physical function score, mean (SD) | 52.1 (32.1) |
| Social function score, mean (SD) | 72.3 (38.5) |
| Role physical score, mean (SD) | 54.6 (46.8) |
| Role emotional score, mean (SD) | 66.9 (45.2) |
| Bodily pain score, mean (SD) | 46.7 (31.8) |
| Cognitive status | |
| MMSE, mean (SD) | 28.2 (2.3) |
| Baseline clinical indicators | |
| A1C, mean (SD) | 7.1 (1.9) |
| A1C <7%, n (%) | 71 (39.4%) |
| PHQ-9, mean (SD) | 10.3 (7.6) |
| PHQ-9 <5, n (%) | 52 (29.9%) |
| Randomization assignment | |
| Intervention, n (%) | 92 (51.1%) |
A1C indicates glycated hemoglobin; HS, high school; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; PHQ-9, 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire; SD, standard deviation; SF-36, Medical Outcomes Study Short Form.