Table 1. Life table parameters of Bombyx mori larvae when fed pollen from Cry1C- or Cry2A-expressing Bt rice or pollen from the corresponding non-transformed varieties.

Parameter	No. of pollen grains/cm2 leaf	Short-term assay1			Long-term assay2
		Control pollen	Cry1C pollen	Cry2A pollen	Control pollen	Cry1C pollen	Cry2A pollen
Larval weight (mg)	0	400.91±14.70 a	400.91±14.70 a	400.91±14.70 a	400.91±14.70 a	400.91±14.70 a	400.91±14.70 a
	50	394.98±13.42 a	399.64±17.07 a	389.49±22.92 a	404.18±12.18 a	380.03±5.31 a	384.13±22.84 a
	150	410.48±10.80 a	398.88±4.62 a	383.40±10.56 a	415.31±9.41 a	366.86±8.41 a*	371.34±6.98 a*
	450	396.30±12.12 a	388.54±23.64 a	375.96±25.52 a	410.00 ±11.49 a	356.02±2.64 a*	359.17±5.18 a*
	1800	385.45±4.09 a	386.24±18.18 a	388.89±4.21 a	412.40±8.82 a	347.25±17.51 a*	354.32±4.69 a*
Larval developmental time (d)	0	26.99±0.37 a	26.99±0.37 a	26.99±0.37 a	26.99±0.37 a	26.99±0.37 a	26.99±0.37 a
	50	26.67±0.49 a	27.00±0.21 a	27.41±0.16 a	27.33±0.24 a	27.70±0.12 a	27.27±0.12 a
	150	26.97±0.28 a	27.57±0.20 a	27.67±0.15 a	27.47±0.19 a	27.83±0.09 a	28.07±0.30 b
	450	27.60±0.12 a	27.83±0.13 a	27.27±0.19 a	27.57±0.24 a	28.90±0.15 b*	28.37±0.15 b
	1800	27.30±0.15 a	27.53±0.07 a	27.45±0.23 a	27.90±0.40 a	29.63±0.15 b*	29.17±0.35 b
Pupation rate (%)	0	86.67±3.57 a	86.67±3.57 a	86.67±3.57 a	86.67±3.57 a	86.67±3.57 a	86.67±3.57 a
	50	90.00±0.00 a	85.00±2.89 a	81.67±1.67 a	80.00±2.89 a	80.00±2.89 ab	85.00±2.89 a
	150	83.33±1.67 a	83.33±4.41 a	83.33±1.67 a	81.67±1.67 a	73.33±1.67 ab	71.67±3.33 ab
	450	78.33±3.33 a	80.00±5.00 a	81.67±6.01 a	76.67±1.67 a	73.33±1.67 ab	75.00±2.89 ab
	1800	80.00±0.00 a	81.67±3.33 a	70.00±2.89 a	71.67±3.33 a	66.67±1.67 b	65.00±2.89 b
Eclosion rate (%)	0	73.33±2.47 a	73.33±2.47 a	73.33±2.47 a	73.33±2.47 a	73.33±2.47 a	73.33±2.47 a
	50	48.33±1.67 b	53.33±1.67 b	48.33±4.41 b	45.00±2.89 b	38.33±6.01 b	41.67±4.41 b
	150	41.67±4.41 b	35.00±2.89 c	28.33±3.33 c	31.67±4.41 bc	18.33±6.01 c	28.33±4.41 bc
	450	41.67±6.01 b	30.00±5.00 c	31.67±4.41 c	30.00±2.89 bc	6.67±1.67 c*	25.00±2.89 c
	1800	33.33±1.67 b	30.00±2.89 c	-	23.33±6.01 c	1.67±1.67 c*	3.33±1.67 d*

Values are means ± SE, n = 3.

¹Neonates of B. mori were fed mulberry leaves covered with rice pollen for the first 3 d and were then fed mulberry leaves without rice pollen until pupation.

²Neonates of B. mori were fed mulberry leaves covered with rice pollen for their entire larval stage.

“-” denotes lost data.

For each parameter, means in a column followed by different letters are significantly different (one-way ANOVAs with Tukey tests for larval weight, pupation and eclosion rate; Kruskal-Wallis Tests followed by Mann-Whitney U-Tests for larval development time).

An asterisk denotes a significant difference between the Bt pollen treatment and the corresponding non-Bt pollen treatment at the same pollen dose (Dunnett test).