Table 1. Correlation between genotypic and genotypic distance matrices.

		m2 (infant)	M1	M2	M3 (adult)
genotypic distance1−phenotypic distance2 (Mantel3)	R 2	0.84	0.15	0.64	0.18
	p	<0.01	0.2609	<0.01	0.3478
genotypic distance−phenotypic distance (resampling4)	R 2	0.80	0.34	0.67	0.20
	p	0.015	0.23	0.045	0.37
F ST−Q ST test5 (Mantel)	R 2	0.72	0.40	0.67	0.10
	p	<0.01	0.087	<0.01	0. 3478

¹Euclidean distance in Patterson’s PC space.

²Euclidean distance in morphospace (shape PCs).

³correlation (R ²) and significance levels (p) evaluated with Mantel test (1000 permutations).

⁴evaluated with resampling statistics (see methods; Fig. S3C).

⁵estimate of heritability h ²: 0.55.