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. 2014 Jun 11;16(3):R62. doi: 10.1186/bcr3675

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Copyright © 2014 Lombardo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Nicastrin (NCST) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and gamma secretase inhibitor (GSI) Pfizer can reverse epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. (A) Binding of anti-NCST mAbs to endogenous cells surface Nicastrin of tamoxifen-resistant (TAM-R) and MCF7 cells. Non-permeabilised cells were incubated with 50 μg/ml of mAbs1/2, followed by incubation with the secondary anti-rat FITC antibody. Rat immunoglobulin G (IgG) was used as control. Binding was assessed by FACS. (B) TAM-R cells were pre-incubated for 30 minutes with 50 μg/ml of mAb1/2, or 10 μM GSIPF (PF03084014). For invasion assay, cells were seeded in the upper compartment on top of matrigel-coated membrane and allowed to invade for 72 hrs. For motility assay, matrigel was excluded. Pre-treated cells were seeded on 6-well plates for 54 hrs, then harvested and counted. A total of 50,000 were transferred to the upper compartment for 18 hrs. The results are representative of three biological and two technical replicates. (C, D) qRT-PCR showing mAbs and GSIPF treatment modulate EMT and Notch-responsive genes. Cells were treated as in B and analysed 72 hrs later. microRNA (mRNA) levels are represented as fold induction normalised to GAPDH and compared to control. Results represent three biological as well as three technical replicates of each. (E) Representative western blot showing downregulation of Nicastrin and Notch proteins following mAbs and GSIPF treatments. IQGAP1 was chosen as EMT representative protein. Quantitation represents the average from three biological experiments (bars represent standard deviation (SD)).