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. 2014 Jun 25;2014:452175. doi: 10.1155/2014/452175

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Copyright © 2014 So Yeon Kim et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Effect of NFAT inhibitor or β-catenin knockdown on surface-dependent alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. (a) Cells were treated with the NFAT inhibitor VIVIT (500 nM) or (b) transfected with β-catenin-specific siRNA, and ALP activity was assessed after 4 days of periodontal ligament stem cell culture. A representative result from three independent experiments is shown. *P < 0.05 versus control (tissue culture polystyrene); ^# P < 0.05 versus pretreatment (PT) substrate; ^@ P < 0.05 versus sand-blasted, large-grit acid-etched substrate; ^ϕ P < 0.05, versus modified PT substrate.