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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2013 Feb 21;87(3):201–223. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.01.005

Table 3.

Effect of antidabetic biguanides on spontaneous and induced carcinogenesis in various target tissues of rodents.

Tumor target Strain, species Carcinogenic agent Drug Effect References
Mammary gland C3H/Sn mice MMTV Phenformin Inhibition 133
FVB/N mice HER-2/neu Metformin Inhibition 134,135
SHR mice spontaneous Metformin No effect 136,137
LIO rats DMBA Phenformin Inhibition 176,177
LIO rats DMBA Buformin Inhibition 178
LIO rats NMU Phenformin Inhibition 179
SD rats NMU Metformin Inhibition 180
SD rats NMU Metformin Inhibition 181
Skin SHR mice Benzo(a)pyrene Metformin Inhibition 182,183
Soft tissues Outbred mice MCA Pheformin Inhibition 184
SHR mice Benzo(a)pyrene Metformin Inhibition 185
Uterus 129/Sv mice Spontaneous Metformin Inhibition 138
Endometrium Balb/c mice Estradiol, tamixifen Metformin Inhibition 186
Cervix uteri and vagina SHR mice Benzo(a)pyrene Metformin Inhibition 187
Lung A/J mice NNK Metformin Inhibition 188
129/Sv mice Urethan Metformin Inhibition 189
Liver C57BL/6 mice DENA Metformin Inhibition 190
Pancreas Hamsters NBOPA Metformin Inhibition 191
Pancreatic islets CD1 mice High carbohydrate fat diet Metformin Inhibition 192
Oral mucosa C57BL/6 mice 4-NQO Metformin Inhibition 193
Intestines PTEN+/- mice Spontaneous Metformin Inhibition 194
Intestines PTEN+/- mice Spontaneous Phenformin Inhibition 194
Small intestines ApcMin/+ mice Spontaneous Metformin Inhibition 195
Colon Balb/c mice Azoxymethane Metformin Inhibition 196
F344 rats Azoxymethane Metformin Inhibition 197
LIO rats DMH Phenformin Inhibition 198,199
Kidney LIO rats NEU, tp Buformin Inhibition 200
Lymphoid tissue PTEN+/- mice Spontaneous Metformin Inhibition 194
PTEN+/- mice Spontaneous Phenformin Inhibition 194
Nervous system LIO rats NMU, tp Buformin Inhibition 201
LIO rats NEU, tp Buformin Inhibition 200
Total tumors 129/Sv mice Spontaneous Metformin Inhibition 138
LIO rats Spontaneous Buformin Inhibition 140
LIO rats Spontaneous Phenformin Inhibition 139,202
LIO rats X-rays Phenformin Inhibition 139

B(a)P - Benzo(a)pyrene; DMBA – 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene; DMH - 1,2-dimethylhydrazine; E2 – estradiol-17β; MCA -20-methylcholantrene; MMTV – murine mammary tumor virus; NBOPA - N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl) amine; NEU - N-nitrosoethyl-urea; NMU – N-nitrosomethylurea; NNK - 4-(methylnitroanmino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone; 4-NQO – 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide.