Table 3.
Association of Maternal Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and the Risk of Cleft Lip with or without Palate and Cleft Palate in Offspring, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2002.
| Exposure to Occupational PAHs | Controls n | n | Cleft Lip with or without PalateA OR (95% CI) | n | Cleft PalateB OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not exposed (referent) | 2883 | 758 | 1.00 | 419 | 1.00 |
| Exposed (crude) | 106 | 47 | 1.69 (1.18, 2.40) | 20 | 1.30 (0.80, 2.12) |
| Exposed (adjusted) | 106 | 47 | 1.47 (1.02, 2.12) | 20 | 1.24 (0.76, 2.03) |
A
Adjusted for maternal education.
B
djusted for maternal secondhand smoke exposure at home (B1–P3).