Table 3.
Association of parental education, students’ residence area and breakfast consumption with overweight (OwO) – (multiple logistic regression), Italy, 2010
| |
Prevalence of overweight including obesity (OwO) |
|||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
11 y |
13 y |
15 y |
All age group |
|||||||||||||
|
Boys |
Girls |
Boys |
Girls |
Boys |
Girls |
Boys |
Girls |
|||||||||
| OwO% | OR (95% CI) | OwO% | OR (95% CI) | OwO% | OR (95% CI) | OwO% | OR (95% CI) | OwO% | OR (95% CI) | OwO% | OR (95% CI) | OwO% | OR (95% CI) | OwO% | OR (95% CI) | |
|
Parental educational level |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Less than high school |
34.4 |
1.52* (1.18-1.96) |
24.3 |
2.05* (1.47-2.85) |
28.6 |
1.62* (1.19-2.20) |
21.7 |
2.02* (1.44-2.82) |
32.0 |
1.82* (1.37-2.42) |
16.7 |
2.17* (1.54-3.08) |
31.5 |
1.63* (1.38-1.91) |
20.4 |
2.07* (1.70-2.51) |
| High school |
26.8 |
1.16 (0.91-1.48) |
18.5 |
1.54* (1.09-2.16) |
25.3 |
1.48* (1.11-1.97) |
15.7 |
1.46* (1.02-2.09) |
24.4 |
1.28 (1.00-1.64) |
10.6 |
1.34 (0.94-1.92) |
25.3 |
1.27* (1.10-1.48) |
14.2 |
1.39* (1.14-1.70) |
| University |
22.9 |
Referent group |
12.5 |
Referent group |
18.3 |
Referent group |
11.3 |
Referent group |
19.8 |
Referent group |
7.9 |
Referent group |
20.5 |
Referent group |
10.4 |
Referent group |
|
Residence area |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| North |
18.9 |
Referent group |
13.3 |
Referent group |
18.5 |
Referent group |
11.9 |
Referent group |
18.8 |
Referent group |
7.1 |
Referent group |
18.7 |
Referent group |
10.8 |
Referent group |
| Centre |
25.8 |
1.68* (1.20-2.35) |
16.3 |
1.56* (1.09-2.22) |
20.3 |
1.25 (0.91-1.71) |
13.7 |
1.43* (1.01-2.03) |
20.3 |
1.26 (0.97-1.63) |
13.8 |
2.45* (1.73-3.47) |
22.1 |
1.35* (1.14-1.61) |
14.5 |
1.73* (1.40-2.13) |
| South |
36.2 |
2.49* (1.91-3.24) |
24.1 |
2.07* (1.52-2.82) |
31.2 |
1.77* (1.37-2.27) |
20.4 |
2.03* (1.51-2.73) |
31.3 |
2.02* (1.57-2.58) |
14.1 |
2.08* (1.54-2.80) |
33.0 |
2.05* (1.77-2.38) |
19.2 |
2.04* (1.70-2.44) |
|
Breakfast consumption |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Daily |
24.9 |
Referent group |
13.5 |
Referent group |
22.0 |
Referent group |
13.1 |
Referent group |
21.5 |
Referent group |
8.4 |
Referent group |
23.0 |
Referent group |
12.7 |
Referent group |
| Less than daily | 32.1 | 1.33* (1.07-1.65) | 22.8 | 1.88* (1.44-2.44) | 28.0 | 1.29* (1.01-1.63) | 19.3 | 1.61* (1.28-2.01) | 28.5 | 1.41* (1.11-1.77) | 13.9 | 1.71* (1.34-2.19) | 29.5 | 1.33* (1.16-1.51) | 18.0 | 1.58* (1.38-1.82) |
Odd ratios and 95% CIs were calculated from logistic regression models stratified by age and gender. Each model was adjusted simultaneously for parental education, breakfast consumption and students’ residence area.
*p < 0.05.