Table 1.
Maternal and neonatal characteristics of participants of the TIHS cohort included in the analysis a
| Maternal characteristics | N=7945 | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 23.25±4.11 | 13.39 to 44.75 |
| Education | ||
| Primary school | 1548 (20) | |
| High school | 4934 (62) | |
| Completed secondary | 1048 (13) | |
| Tertiary | 358 (4.5) | |
| Parity | ||
| First born | 3628 (46) | |
| Second born | 2659 (34) | |
| Third born | 1152 (15) | |
| Forth born | 362 (4.6) | |
| Fifth+ born | 133 (1.7) | |
| Any cigarette smoking during pregnancy (yes, no) | 4282 (54) | |
| 1st trimester | ||
| Nil | 3796 (48) | |
| 1–10 cigarettes/day | 1739 (22) | |
| 11–20 cigarettes/day | 1659 (21) | |
| 21+ cigarettes/day | 666 (9.0) | |
| 2nd trimester | ||
| Nil | 4047 (51) | |
| 1–10 cigarettes/day | 1609 (20) | |
| 11–20 cigarettes/day | 1597(20) | |
| 21+ cigarettes/day | 677 (9.0) | |
| 3rd trimester | ||
| Nil | 4084 (51) | |
| 1–10 cigarettes/day | 1587 (20) | |
| 11–20 cigarettes/day | 1512 (19) | |
| 21+ cigarettes/day | 748 (10) | |
| Any alcohol consumption during pregnancy (yes, no) | 2662 (34) | |
| 1st trimester | 2286 (29) | |
| 2nd trimester | 2092 (26) | |
| 3rd trimester | 2054 (26) | |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI, kg/m2 | 23.29±4.80 | 13.87 to 52.16 |
| Pregnancy weight change, kg | 14.30±6.59 | −23 to 45 |
| Neonatal Characteristics | ||
| Gender, male | 5815 (73) | |
| Gestational age, weeks | 39.64±1.25 | 37 to 44 |
| Birth weight, grams | 3384.78±603.20 | 1470 to 5845 |
| Placental weight, grams | 637.04±154.16 | 175 to 1400 |
| Placenta-to-birth weight ratio, g/kg | 188.63± 33.88 | 69.07 to 392.67 |
| Placental status | ||
| Normal | 4311 (55) | |
| Incomplete | 429 (5.5) | |
| Infarction | 138 (1.8) | |
| Other status (post mature, clots on maternal side and other abnormality) | 2940 (38) | |
a
Characteristics reported as: mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables and number (%) for categorical variables