Table 2.

Patient characteristics by medication status

	Any medication	No medication	p value
N (%)	442 (23)	1455 (77)	-
Multiple (>1) medications (N [%])	223 (50)	-	-
Age (years)	56 (43 – 70)	35 (24 – 49)	<0.01
Gender (% male)	62	67	0.09
Time from injury to admission (mins)	78 (48 – 168)	78 (48 –147)	0.36
Scene transport (%)	67	72	0.05
PH hypotension (%)	56	55	0.70
PH PRBC transfusion (%)	20	20	0.79
PH PRBC (units)	2.3 (1.3 – 4.7)	2.3 (1.7 – 4.7)	0.36
PH crystalloid (L)	1.3 (0.5 – 2.6)	1.6 (0.6 – 3.1)	<0.01
ISS	29 (22 – 41)	34 (22 – 43)	<0.01
Initial BD	−7.7±4.3	−9.2±4.8	<0.01
Severe head injury (%)	20	23	0.10
24hr PRBC (units)	5.3 (3.0 – 10.5)	6.0 (3.5 – 11.8)	<0.01
24hr FFP (units)	1.3 (0 – 4.8)	2.5 (0 – 6)	<0.01
24hr PLT (packs)	0 (0 – 1.1)	0 (0 – 1.2)	0.05
24hr crystalloid (L)	11.4 (7.8 – 15.5)	12.8 (9.2 – 18.0)	<0.01
Mortality (%)	16	15	0.50
MOF (%)	32	29	0.21

Data presented as median(interquartile range) or mean±standard deviation

PH, prehospital; PRBC, packed red blood cells; ISS, injury severity score; BD, base deficit; FFP, fresh frozen plasma; PLT, platelets; MOF, multiple organ failure