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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism. 2013 Oct 31;3:128. doi: 10.4172/2161-0460.1000128

Table 2.

Trophic Factor and Cytokine Levels in Post-mortem Ventricular Fluid.

Protein Control Alzheimer P- Value
Trophic Factors
β-NGF 41.76 ± 4.26 48.60 ± 8.14
PDGF-AA 111.52 ± 9.94 59.73 ± 4.69 0.0002
HGF 1305.97 ± 299.12 3887.81 ± 691.31 0.0001
VEGF 195.74 ± 12.52 120.72 ± 9.74 0.0003
β-FGF 948.78 ± 81.77 546.07 ± 46.79 0.0005
Cytokines
IL-1β 123.40 ± 44.97 34.23 ± 7.75 0.028
IL-6 316.64 ± 108.93 126.60 ± 91.79 0.009
IL-8 806.30 ± 321.41 929.34 ± 185.10
IL-10 18.20 ± 1.19 13.95 ± 0.97 0.008
Il-16 2769.95 ± 244.39 3058.46 ± 219.60
IL-18 365.60 ± 48.50 672.60 ± 218.45
TNF-α 12.95 ± 1.03 15.93 ± 2.72
TRAIL 61.14 ± 13.65 25.67 ± 2.84 0.01
LIF-1 58.19 ± 3.02 51.27 ± 3.06
SCF 30.14 ± 3.14 28.14 ± 1.29
MCP-1 (CCL2) 1793.48 ± 559.87 1123.61 ± 496.75 0.001
SDF (CXCL12) 79.25 ± 11.76 29.75 ± 2.76 <0.0001
GM-CSF 39.05 ± 1.29 33.54 ± 2.83
MIP-1 2279.33 ± 791.99 1177.78 ± 142.71
IFN-γ 6.66 ± 0.37 6.93 ± 0.55
IP-10 734.19 ± 479.61 398.13 ± 96.21

Postmortem ventricular fluid samples from aged controls or patients with documented late-stage AD (N=10/group) were used to measure immunoreactivity to trophic factors by direct binding ELISAs, and cytokines by multiplex bead-based ELISAs. Immunoreactivity was normalized to protein concentration and data are expressed as mean ± SEM of fluorescence light units (arbitrary). Inter-group comparisons were made with the Student T-test. Significant P values are listed in the right column.