Table 3.

Overview of Results about Tissue Catechols in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD), Mice with Very Low Activity of the Type 2 Vesicular Monoamine Transporter (VMAT2-Lo), and Mice with Knockouts of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1 and 2 Genes (ALDH1A1,2)

Catechol	PD	VMAT2-Lo	ALDH1A1, 2
DOPAL : DA	↑	↓	↑
DA : DOPA	↓↓	↓↓	↔
DOPAC : DOPAL	↓	↑↑	↓↓
DOPAC : DA	↔	↑↑	↓
DOPET : DOPAC	↑↑	↓	↑↑

↑ Increased compared with controls.

↑↑↑ Markedly increased compared with controls (more than 5-fold).

↓ Decreased compared with controls.

↓↓ Markedly decreased compared with controls (less than 20%).

↔ Not significantly different from controls.