Table 2.
Geometric mean levelsa of biomarkers for inflammation and endothelial activation by ethnicity: MESA, n =2846
| Marker | N | White | Black | Hispanic | Chinese |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflammation | |||||
| HsCRP (pg/ml) | 2846 | 1.87c (1.72, 2.04) | 2.07c (1.89, 2.28) | 1.89c (1.71, 2.09) | 1.14bhw (1.02, 1.27) |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 2796 | 1.15c (1.10, 1.21) | 1.26c (1.19, 1.33) | 1.25c (1.18, 1.33) | 0.99bhw (0.93, 1.05) |
| sTNF-R1 (pg/ml) | 998 | 1.34bch (1.31, 1.38) | 1.18cw (1.13, 1.23) | 1.19cw (1.14, 1.24) | 1.05bhw (0.99, 1.12) |
| Endothelial activation | |||||
| sE-selectin (pg/ml) | 998 | 46.92 (44.8, 49.2) | 51.31 (47.8, 55.1) | 52.66 (47.9, 55.6) | 50.31 (45.2, 56.0) |
| sICAM-1 (pg/ml) | 1192 | 284.25c (277.9, 290.7) | N/Ab | 280.87c (271.5, 290.5) | 240.36hw (229.3, 250.9) |
Abbreviations: b, Black; c, Chinese; h, Hispanic; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; MESA, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; N/A, not applicable; sE-selectin, soluble E-selectin; sTNF-R1, tumor necrosis factor-α soluble receptor 1; sICAM, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1; w, White. Difference among groups (P≤0.01): b, c, h, w, 95% confidence intervals ( ).
a
Adjusted for age, sex, education, field center, smoking, energy intake, physical activity, BMI, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, and diabetes.
b
Quantification of sICAM-1 in Black individuals cannot be evaluated (see Materials and Methods, section 2.4).