Table 4.
Meana levels of biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial function across tertiles of phospholipid fatty acids, MESA, n =2846
| Fatty acidsb Biomarkersc | Biomarker levels (pg/ml) expressed by phospholipid fatty acid tertiles
|
Ptrend | % difference T1:T3 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
| LA(18:2, n-6) | |||||
| hsCRP | 1.89 | 1.66 | 1.66 | 0.01 | −12.2 |
| Eselectin | 50.9 | 51.8 | 46.9 | 0.02 | −7.9 |
| GLA (18:3, n-6) | |||||
| IL-6 | 1.10 | 1.22 | 1.20 | 0.001 | +9.1 |
| sTNF-R1 | 1.16 | 1.22 | 1.23 | 0.01 | +6.0 |
| Eselectin | 47.6 | 49.6 | 53.3 | 0.01 | +12.0 |
| DGLA (20:3, n-6) | |||||
| hsCRP | 1.42 | 1.68 | 2.21 | <0.001 | +55.6 |
| IL-6 | 1.11 | 1.15 | 1.24 | 0.006 | 1.24 |
| sICAM-1 | 260.4 | 262.1 | 279.4 | 0.001 | 11.7 |
| EPA (20:5, n-3) | |||||
| IL-6 | 1.21 | 1.17 | 1.12 | 0.02 | −7.4 |
| sTNF-R1 | 1.25 | 1.18 | 1.16 | 0.002 | −7.2 |
| DHA (22:6, n-3) | |||||
| IL-6 | 1.24 | 1.20 | 1.06 | <0.001 | −14.5 |
Abbreviations: AA, arachidonic acid; ALA, α-linolenic acid; DHA =docosahexaenoic acid; DGLA, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; GLA, γ-linolenic acid; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; IL, interleukin; LA, linoleic acid; MESA, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; sTNF-R1, tumor necrosis factor-α soluble receptor 1; sICAM, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Only significant associations are reported.
Adjusted for age, sex, education, field center, smoking, energy intake, physical activity, BMI, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, and diabetes.
LA, ALA, GLA, DGLA, AA, EPA, DHA.
Sample size for biomarkers hsCRP, n =2846; IL-6, n =2796; sTNF-R1, n =998; sE-selectin, n =998; sICAM-1, n =1192.