Table 2.

Seemingly Unrelated Regression of Homicide and Violent Index Gaps on Race-Specific Gaps in Structural Disadvantage (Poverty, Unemployment, and Female Headship), N = 232

		(A) Homicide						(B) Violent Index
			B-W Gap		B-H Gap		H-W Gap		B-W Gap		B-H Gap		H-W Gap

Model		b	B	b	B	b	B	b	B	b	B	b	B
1) Controls only	R²	.121		.128		.023		.033		.042		.070
(2) Poverty		.328^** (.123)	0.099	.267^* (.131)	0.191	.320^** (.094)	0.084	12.466^*** (3.297)	0.138	10.718^** (3.628)	0.271	7.733^** (2.580)	0.079
	R²	.155		.108		.064		.112		.070		.083
(3) Unemployment		.044 (.169)	0.009	.004 (.168)	0.002	.048 (.150)	0.010	13.455^** (4.465)	0.104	12.777^** (4.584)	0.181	10.864^** (3.989)	0.092
	R²	.123		.128		.024		.082		.060		.083
(4) Female headship		.205^† (.109)	0.078	.196^† (.108)	0.145	.216^* (.100)	0.078	9.877^** (3.003)	0.137	9.986^** (2.959)	0.260	8.205^** (2.670)	0.114
	R²	.131		.118		.045		.088		.094		.065

Note: Each model is estimated with only one structural disadvantage gap at a time and a full set of controls (not shown); standard errors in parentheses

^†

p<.10,

p<.05,

^**

p<.01,

^***

p<.001 (two-tailed)