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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 15.
Published in final edited form as: Popul Res Policy Rev. 2009 Nov 5;29(6):819–842. doi: 10.1007/s11113-009-9167-0

Table 3.

Coefficient estimates from logistic regression models showing disparities in schooling among children in Rwanda

Models All households Single-parent households Two-parent households



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
Maternal orphans 0.77*** 0.69*** 0.50** 0.65*** 0.45** 0.62* 0.73*** 0.69*** 0.22
Paternal orphans 0.17** 0.28*** −0.11 −0.18* −0.09 −0.16 1.18*** 1.18*** −0.02
Double orphans 0.62*** 0.65*** 0.24 0.22 0.22 0.04 0.97*** 1.01*** 0.69*
Non orphans (Ref.) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00)
Age 0.37*** 0.37*** 0.37*** 0.40*** 0.39*** 0.39*** 0.33** 0.35*** 0.35***
Males 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.04 −0.01 0.00 0.00
Live in single-parent household 0.21 0.22*
Female household head −0.30*** −0.48*** −0.47*** −0.47*** −0.02 0.04
Age of household head 0.00* 0.00* 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01*
Wealth index (continuous) −0.44*** −0.71*** −0.37** −0.45* −0.52*** −0.70***
Wealth × Maternal Orphans 0.28 −0.42 0.90
Wealth × Paternal Orphans 0.80*** 0.14 2.16***
Wealth × Double Orphans 0.78** 0.40 0.57
No. of children below age 7 0.26*** 0.26*** 0.34*** 0.34*** 0.22*** 0.22***
Household size −0.17*** −0.17*** −0.16*** −0.16*** −0.17*** −0.17***
Constant −9.06*** −7.84*** −7.84*** −9.19*** −7.5*** −7.44*** −8.3*** −7.9*** 7.87***
N 93,951 93,951 93,951 40,888 40,888 40,888 53,063 53,123 53,063
Rho 0.85** 0.84*** 0.84*** 0.85*** 0.81*** 0.81** 0.83*** 0.84*** 0.84***
Log likelihood −34,883 −34,789 −34,777 −15,629 −15,596 −15,595 −19,238 −19,153 −19140
Chi2 test: Maternal = Paternal 35.2*** 16.51*** 39.42*** 14.94*** 6.94** 7.65**
Chi2 test: Maternal = double 1.6 0.13 7.12** 1.97 1.72 2.96
Chi2 test: Paternal = double 23.5*** 17.05*** 14.2*** 8.65** 1.55 0.90
*

P < 0.05

**

P < 0.01

***

P < 0.001