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Dependence of the direction of growth advantage on the concentration of a single amino acid. Coculturing of E. coli CA274 (auxotrophic for Trp) and its Su15 derivative carrying pCATam1 in minimal medium supplemented with Trp alone at 0.05 μg/ml (A), 0.1 μg/ml (B), and 0.4 μg/ml (C) (P < 0.01 by Mann-Whitney U test). The mean values from three independent experiments are shown along with standard deviations.
