FIG 3.

IFN-β protects from EPEC-induced loss of TEER. (A and B) Differentiated Caco-2 monolayers were apically infected with EPEC strains as indicated at an MOI of 50 for 1, 2, and 3 h (A) or 3 h (B), and permeability was measure by TEER. (C) Caco-2 monolayers were treated with IFN-β for 16 h prior to infection with WT or ΔescF EPEC at an MOI of 50; TEER was measured at 3 h postinfection. The data points shown are the means of three separate experiments. The error bars indicate standard deviations. P values were calculated using the Student t test. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01.