TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical description of study population
| Parametera | Median no.b [interquartile range] or no. (%) |
|---|---|
| Patients | 212 |
| Age (yr) | 32 [27–41] |
| Female | 134 (63.2) |
| History of TB | 24 (11.3) |
| HIV status | |
| HIV infected | 173 (81.6) |
| CD4 cell count (cells/ml) | 47 [11–222] |
| ART status | 134 |
| Currently on ART | 80 (59.7) |
| Prior ART | 7 (5.2) |
| Never on ART | 47 (35.1) |
| Result of chest radiograph | 187 |
| Normal | 57 (30.5) |
| Abnormal | 130 (69.5) |
| Infiltrates | 127 (67.9) |
| Adenopathy | 84 (44.9) |
| Pleural disease/effusion | 36 (19.3) |
| Cavitation | 18 (9.6) |
| Miliary infiltrate | 10 (5.3) |
| Otherc | 6 (3.2) |
| Sputum specimens | 579 |
| Collection time | |
| Spot | 407 (70.3) |
| Early morning | 172 (29.7) |
| Vol (ml) | 3 [2–4] |
| Visual description | |
| Blood stained | 30 (5.2) |
| Watery | 255 (44.0) |
| Viscous | 302 (52.2) |
| Very viscous | 22 (3.8) |
| AFB smear microscopy (direct/concentrated sputum) | |
| Negative | 469 (81.0)/461 (79.6) |
| Scanty | 25 (4.3)/30 (5.2) |
| 1+ | 35 (6.0)/27 (4.7) |
| 2+ | 17 (2.9)/19 (3.3) |
| 3+ | 33 (5.7)/42 (7.2) |
| Sputum culture | |
| MGIT 960 positive | 157 (27.1) |
| LJ medium positive | 146 (25.2) |
| <50 colonies | 34 (23.3) |
| 1+ (50–100 colonies) | 37 (25.3) |
| 2+ (100–200 colonies) | 29 (19.9) |
| 3+ (200–500 colonies) | 36 (24.7) |
| 4+ (>500 colonies) | 10 (6.9) |
| Xpert MTB/RIF positive | 150 (25.9) |
a
ART, antiretroviral therapy; AFB, acid-fast bacillus; MGIT, mycobacterial growth indicator tube; LJ medium, Lowenstein-Jensen medium.
b
Number of patients or specimens.
c
Pericardial effusion (n = 5) and bone disease (n = 1).