Table 9.
Brain stem | Control |
AD |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neuronal cell bodies |
Fibers |
Neuronal cell bodies |
Fibers |
|||||
Density | Intensity | Density | Intensity | Density | Intensity | Density | Intensity | |
Oculomotor nucleus | 0/+ | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Trochlear nucleus | +/++ | +/++ | 0/+ | 0/+ | ++ | +/++ | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Pontine nuclei | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Locus caeruleus | 0 | 0 | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Mesencephalic nucleus | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+++ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Dorsal raphe nucleus | 0 | 0 | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0 | 0 | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Facial motor nucleus | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/++ | 0/+ |
Superior salivatory nucleus | 0 | 0 | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0 | 0 | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Abducens nucleus | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/++ | 0/+ |
Superior olivary nucleus | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Inferior olivary nucleus | 0/++ | 0/+ | + | + | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Accessory olivary nucleus | 0/+ | 0/+ | + | + | 0 | 0 | 0/++ | 0/+ |
Arcuate nucleus | 0 | 0 | + | +/++ | 0/++ | 0/+ | +/++ | + |
Nucleus ambiguus | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+++ | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Nucleus of solitary tract | 0 | 0 | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0 | 0 | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Spinal trigeminal nucleus | 0/++ | 0/+ | + | + | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Trigeminal motor nucleus | 0 | 0 | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0 | 0 | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Hypoglossal nucleus | 0/+++ | 0/+ | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/+++ | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus | 0/+ | 0/+ | + | + | 0 | 0 | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Inferior vestibular nucleus | ++/+++ | +/++ | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/++ | 0/+ |
Medial vestibular nucleus | 0/++ | 0/++ | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Gracile nucleus | 0/++ | 0/++ | + | + | 0/+++ | 0/+ | 0/++ | 0/+ |
Cuneate nucleus | 0/++ | 0/++ | + | + | 0/++ | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/+ |
Density: 0: no immunoreactive structures, + up to 10%, ++ 10–50%, +++ more than 50%. Intensity: 0: no immunoreactivity, + faint, ++ moderate, +++ strong. The range of minimum and maximum staining between individual cases is given.