Table 1.

Comparison of each direction and total rotation between live and cadaver feet for the talo-1st metatarsal and tibio-1st metatarsal rotation.

		Present study (healthy live foot)			Kitaoka et al. (1994, 2002) (intact cadaver foot)
		Each direction	Total rotation	Each direction	Total rotation
	df+/pf−	2.6° (1.5°)	5.2° (2.3°)	3.2° (2.3°)	N.R.
Talo-1^st metatarsal rotation	ev+/iv−	1.5° (2.2°)		1.3° (3.5°)
	abd+/add−	3.2° (2.6°)		2.5° (2.2°)
	df+/pf−	1.0° (1.3°)	4.0° (2.1°)	+	7.7° (1.8°)
Tibio-1^st metatarsal rotation	ev+/iv−	2.0° (1.9°)		+
	abd+/add−	2.2° (2.3°)		+

N.R.: not reported

df: dorsiflexion +/ pf: plantarflexion

ev: eversion +/ iv: inversion

abd: abduction +/ add: adduction

Data are expressed as mean (SD).