Table 2.
Resource use and productivity loss stratified by diabetes care over one year
| |
Managed care |
Protocolized care
‡
|
Usual care
‡
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
N = 215 |
N = 197 |
N =333 |
|||
| Consultation of .. | % ≥1 visits | Mean (SD) # of visits | % ≥1 visits | Mean (SD) # of visits | % ≥1 visits | Mean (SD) # of visits |
| General practitioner |
77.8 |
7.6 (8.6) |
80.0 |
5.7 (6.9) |
78.4 |
6.1 (6.9) |
| Diabetes nurse |
74.5ab |
3.8 (3.8)b |
82.6 |
4.3 (3.5)a |
84.5 |
3.7 (2.8) |
| Dietician |
38.4ab |
1.4 (2.4)ab |
20.5 |
0.9 (2.2) |
21.9 |
0.9 (2.4) |
| Podiatrist |
19.4b |
0.7 (1.8)b |
9.2a |
0.4 (1.6)a |
24.3 |
1.2 (2.9) |
| Physical therapist |
25.9 |
5.3 (13.8) |
30.3a |
7.3 (18.1)a |
21.0 |
3.9 (11.9) |
|
Specialist in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| - Internal medicine |
6.9ab |
0.4 (2.0)ab |
15.4a |
0.6 (1.7)a |
28.9 |
1.5 (2.8) |
| - Ophthalmology |
17.6ab |
0.8 (2.5)ab |
47.7 |
1.5 (2.5) |
52.0 |
1.8 (2.6) |
| - Cardiology |
15.7 |
0.6 (2.5) |
15.4 |
0.7 (1.9) |
15.2 |
0.7 (2.3) |
| - Neurology |
5.1 |
0.2 (0.9) |
6.2 |
1.6 (0.7) |
6.4 |
0.6 (4.0) |
| - Nephrology |
1.4 |
0.0 (0.4) |
3.6 |
0.2 (1.3) |
1.8 |
0.1 (0.4) |
| Other specialism |
25.9 |
1.4 (3.1) |
27.7 |
1.4 (2.9) |
32.8 |
1.6 (4.0) |
| Hospitalization |
9.7 |
0.7 (3.0) |
10.3 |
1.1 (4.7) |
12.5 |
2.7 (14.8) |
| Absenteeism paid work |
8.8 |
4.9 (27.8) |
10.8 |
2.8 (14.1) |
10.0 |
3.1 (15.2) |
| Absenteeism unpaid work | 13.9 | 12.3 (50.0) | 9.7 | 18.2 (127.4)a | 18.2 | 20.7 (70.6) |
Data are expressed as proportions of patients who used the specific resource and mean (SD) resource use per patient over one year. aSignificantly different (P < 0.05) from usual care. bSignificantly different (P < 0.05) from protocolized care.