Table 2.
Clinical features and outcome of combined retinal detachment.
| Case | Left/right eye | Extent of RD (quadrant) | Severity of vitreoretinal adhesion (grade) | Vascular component of proliferative tissue (chronic fibrotic versus active fibrovascular proliferative) | Retinal breaks found preop. or not | Number of retinal breaks (single versus multiple breaks) | Preop. VA (logMAR) | Post-op. VA (logMAR) | Complication |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | L | 3 | 3 | Chronic | − | Multiple | 2 | 1.5 | — |
| 2 | R | 2 | 2 | Active | − | Multiple | 1.7 | 0.7 | RAO |
| 3 | L | 4 | 4 | Active | − | Multiple | HM/20 cm | CF/20 m | Foveal atrophy |
| 4 | R | 3 | 1 | Active | + | Multiple | HM/1 m | 1.7 | — |
| 5 | L | 3 | 3 | Chronic | + | Multiple | 2 | 0.7 | — |
| 6 | L | 2 | 3 | Active | − | Multiple | 2 | 1 | — |
| R | 4 | 4 | Chronic | + | Multiple | HM/1 m | NLP | NVG | |
| 7 | L | 3 | 2 | Chronic | + | Multiple | CF/70 cm | 1 | — |
| 8 | R | 1 | 1 | Chronic | + | Multiple | 1 | 0.3 | Recurrent VH |
| 9 | L | 2 | 4 | Chronic | + | Multiple | CF/30 cm | 1.3 | — |
| 10 | R | 1 | 1 | Active | − | Single | 0.7 | 0.22 | — |
| 11 | R | 2 | 2 | Active | + | Multiple | 1.5 | 0.52 | NVG |
| 12 | L | 3 | 2 | Chronic | + | Single | 1.3 | 1.4 | — |
| 13 | L | 4 | 4 | Chronic | − | Single | 1.3 | 0.82 | — |
| 14 | R | 3 | 3 | Active | − | Single | 1.3 | 1 | — |
| 15 | R | 2 | 4 | Chronic | − | Single | HM/30 m | 1.52 | — |
| 16 | L | 3 | 4 | Chronic | + | Single | HM/1 m | 0.7 | ERM |
| 17 | L | 3 | 4 | Chronic | − | Multiple | 0.52 | 1.3 | Foveal atrophy |
| R | 1 | 1 | Chronic | + | Single | 1.7 | 1 | — | |
| 18 | R | 3 | 3 | Active | + | Single | 1.7 | 0.52 | — |
| 19 | R | 4 | 3 | Chronic | + | Single | CF/30 cm | 1.3 | — |
| L | 4 | 3 | Active | − | Multiple | HM/50 cm | HM/1 m | — | |
| 20 | R | 4 | 3 | Active | − | Single | CF/20 cm | 0.7 | — |
| 21 | R | 2 | 3 | Chronic | − | Multiple | 0.7 | 0.82 | — |
| 22 | L | 2 | 2 | Active | + | Single | 0.82 | 0.52 | Recurrent VH, RAO |
| 23 | L | 3 | 3 | Active | − | Single | 2 | 1 | ERM |
| 24 | R | 2 | 4 | Active | − | Multiple | 2 | 1.7 | — |
| 25 | L | 4 | 3 | Active | − | Multiple | HM/30 cm | 0.7 | — |
| 26 | R | 1 | 3 | Active | + | Multiple | 0.52 | 0.22 | — |
| L | 3 | 3 | Active | + | Single | 1.7 | 0.82 | NVG | |
| 27 | R | 2 | 2 | Active | − | Multiple | 2 | 1 | — |
| 28 | R | 4 | 3 | Active | − | Single | CF/60 cm | CF/60 cm | — |
| 29 | R | 4 | 4 | Active | − | Single | 2 | HM/40 cm | NVG |
| 30 | R | 2 | 2 | Chronic | − | Single | 2 | 1.3 | — |
| 31 | L | 4 | 3 | Active | + | Single | HM/1 m | 1.3 | — |
| 32 | L | 4 | 4 | Active | + | Multiple | HM/10 cm | HM/30 cm | — |
| 33 | R | 3 | 3 | Active | + | Single | 1.7 | 1.3 | — |
| L | 3 | 3 | Active | − | Multiple | CF/50 cm | 1 | — | |
| 34 | L | 4 | 4 | Chronic | − | Multiple | CF/30 cm | 1.3 | — |
| 35 | L | 2 | 2 | Active | − | Single | 2 | 0.7 | — |
| R | 2 | 2 | Active | − | Multiple | 0.4 | 0.82 | ERM | |
| 36 | L | 2 | 2 | Active | + | Multiple | HM/1 m | 1.7 | — |
| 37 | L | 4 | 1 | Chronic | − | Multiple | 1.7 | 1 | — |
| 38 | R | 3 | 4 | Active | − | Multiple | 1.7 | 1.52 | — |
| 39 | R | 1 | 2 | Active | − | Multiple | 1.52 | 1.7 | — |
| 40 | R | 2 | 2 | Active | + | Multiple | CF/50 cm | 0.52 | — |
| 41 | L | 4 | 1 | Chronic | + | Single | HM/50 m | CF/60 cm | — |
| 42 | L | 4 | 2 | Chronic | + | Multiple | CF/20 cm | 1.7 | — |
| 43 | L | 4 | 3 | Active | − | Single | HM/1 m | 0.82 | — |
| 44 | R | 3 | 3 | Chronic | + | Multiple | HM/60 cm | 1.3 | — |
| 45 | L | 2 | 3 | Chronic | − | Single | 1.5 | 0.82 | ERM |
| R | 1 | 3 | Active | − | Single | 1.3 | 0.7 | — | |
| 46 | R | 4 | 3 | Chronic | + | Single | 1.7 | 1.3 | — |
| L | 4 | 3 | Chronic | + | Single | 1.3 | 0.7 | — | |
| 47 | R | 2 | 3 | Active | − | Single | 0.7 | 0.22 | — |
| 48 | R | 4 | 3 | Active | + | Multiple | HM/1 m | CF/40 cm | — |
| 49 | R | 2 | 2 | Chronic | + | Single | 1.6 | 0.82 | — |
CF: counting fingers; ERM: epiretinal membrane; HM: hand motion; NLP: nonlight perception; NVG: neovascular glaucoma; RAO: retinal artery occlusion; VH: vitreous hemorrhage.
The severity of vitreoretinal adhesion was defined as multiple-point adhesions with or without 1-site-wide plaque-like adhesion (Grade 1), broad adhesions in more than 1 but fewer than 3 sites posterior to equator (Grade 2), broad adhesions in more than 3 sites posterior to equator or 1 site anterior to equator (Grade 3), and broad adhesions more than 1 site anterior to equator (Grade 4).