Table 3. Multivariate Analysis of Select Birth Certificate Variables in Relation to Lymphoma Risk Among California Children Age 0-5 Diagnosed Between 1988 and 2007.
| Any Lymphoma OR‡ (95% CI) | Hodgkin Lymphoma OR‡ (95% CI) | Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma OR‡ (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| male | 1.81 (1.47, 2.23) | 2.81 (1.46, 5.42) | 2.58 (1.91, 3.49) |
| female | ref | ref | ref |
| Birth weight, g | |||
| < 2500 | 0.89 (0.56, 1.41) | - | 1.09 (0.62, 1.92) |
| 2500-3999 | ref | ref | ref |
| 4000+ | 1.23 (0.91, 1.67) | 1.02 (0.40, 2.77) | 1.03 (0.67, 1.59) |
| Gestational age, weeks | |||
| ≤ 36 | 0.87 (0.60, 1.24) | - | 0.81 (0.49, 1.34) |
| 37-42 | ref | ref | ref |
| 43+ | 0.59 (0.31, 1.15) | 0.96 (0.23, 3.97) | 0.70 (0.31, 1.59) |
| Size for gestational age | |||
| Small | 1.06 (0.76, 1.48) | 1.53 (0.68, 3.45) | 1.13 (0.74, 1.73) |
| Normal | ref | ref | ref |
| Large | 1.18 (0.85, 1.63) | 0.50 (0.12, 2.06) | 0.98 (0.62, 1.56) |
| Age of mother* | |||
| <20 | 0.80 (0.56, 1.14) | 0.94 (0.39, 2.29) | 1.05 (0.66, 1.66) |
| 20-29 | ref | ref | ref |
| 30-34 | 0.98 (0.77, 1.26) | 1.08 (0.54, 2.15) | 1.07 (0.77, 1.49) |
| 35+ | 0.79 (0.57, 1.10) | 0.16 (0.02, 1.18) | 0.88 (0.58, 1.35) |
| Age of father | |||
| <20 | 0.49 (0.24, 1.00) | 0.91 (0.20, 4.16) | 0.49 (0.18, 1.37) |
| 20-29 | ref | ref | ref |
| 30-34 | 0.95 (0.72, 1.27) | 1.65 (0.70, 3.90) | 0.82 (0.56, 1.20) |
| 35+ | 0.92 (0.66, 1.30) | 1.81 (0.64, 5.12) | 0.71 (0.45, 1.13) |
| Mother's education | |||
| ≤ 8 years | 0.87 (0.61, 1.24) | 1.08 (0.46, 2.54) | 0.75 (0.44, 1.28) |
| Some high school (9-11 yrs) | 1.11 (0.83, 1.48) | 0.74 (0.32, 1.75) | 1.16 (0.77, 1.73) |
| High school diploma (12 yrs) | ref | ref | ref |
| Some college (13-15 yrs) | 0.77 (0.57, 1.04) | 0.72 (0.27, 1.88) | 0.82 (0.56, 1.21) |
| College diploma or higher (16+yrs) | 0.70 (0.50, 0.98) | 1.22 (0.45, 3.32) | 0.58 (0.37, 0.91) |
| Father's education | |||
| ≤ 8 years | 1.08 (0.76, 1.52) | 1.80 (0.66, 4.93) | 0.99 (0.60, 1.62) |
| Some high school (9-11 yrs) | 0.95 (0.67, 1.34) | 1.88 (0.70, 5.00) | 0.76 (0.46, 1.26) |
| High school diploma (12 yrs) | ref | ref | ref |
| Some college (13-15 yrs) | 1.09 (0.80, 1.49) | 1.83 (0.65, 5.12) | 0.94 (0.63, 1.41) |
| College diploma or higher (16+yrs) | 0.95 (0.68, 1.32) | 2.22 (0.76, 6.49) | 0.79 (0.52, 1.20) |
| Mother's race* | |||
| white | ref | ref | ref |
| hispanic | 1.14 (0.90, 1.45) | 2.43 (1.14, 5.17) | 0.80 (0.58, 1.10) |
| other | 0.94 (0.69, 1.27) | 1.21 (0.44, 3.35) | 0.74 (0.50, 1.11) |
| Father's race | |||
| white | ref | ref | ref |
| Hispanic | 1.42 (0.98, 2.06) | 1.60 (0.50, 5.13) | 1.26 (0.78, 2.04) |
| other | 1.03 (0.64, 1.65) | 0.98 (0.19, 5.02) | 0.85 (0.46, 1.59) |
| Parental race combination | |||
| white/white | ref | ref | ref |
| hispanic/hispanic | 1.19 (0.91, 1.56) | 2.23 (0.99, 5.01) | 0.81 (0.57, 1.15) |
| white/hispanic | 1.02 (0.67, 1.58) | - | 1.02 (0.61, 1.72) |
| other/other | 0.97 (0.69, 1.36) | 1.13 (0.38, 3.39) | 0.76 (0.48, 1.18) |
| Mother's birthplace | |||
| US born | ref | ref | ref |
| foreign born | 0.88 (0.69, 1.11) | 0.77 (0.40, 1.47) | 0.85 (0.61, 1.19) |
| Method of delivery | |||
| Vaginal | ref | ref | ref |
| Caesarean | 0.97 (0.76, 1.23) | 1.39 (0.73, 2.65) | 1.01 (0.74, 1.39) |
| Previous terminations | |||
| None | ref | ref | ref |
| 1+ | 1.11 (0.85, 1.44) | 1.16 (0.54, 2.52) | 0.93 (0.64, 1.34) |
| Parity | |||
| first birth | ref | ref | ref |
| second or third birth | 1.13 (0.90, 1.42) | 1.23 (0.65, 2.34) | 0.98 (0.73, 1.32) |
| fourth or subsequent birth | 1.04 (0.72, 1.50) | 0.79 (0.24, 2.56) | 0.97 (0.59, 1.59) |
| Prenatal care initiation | |||
| During first trimester | ref | ref | ref |
| No care or after first trimester | 1.19 (0.92, 1.53) | 0.90 (0.43, 1.85) | 1.07 (0.75, 1.54) |
| Payment source for prenatal care | |||
| Private insurance | ref | ref | ref |
| Other | 0.95 (0.76, 1.18) | 0.86 (0.46, 1.60) | 0.78 (0.58, 1.05) |
‡
ORs are adjusted for birth year, maternal age and race, and prenatal payment source
*
Maternal age analyses are adjusted for birth year, maternal race, and prenatal payment source. Maternal race analyses are adjusted for birth year, maternal age, and prenatal payment source