TABLE 1.
Characteristics of HAPO participants with term birthsa
| Maternal characteristics | Mean | SD |
|---|---|---|
| Age at OGTT, years | 30.4 | 5.67 |
| Height at OGTT, cm | 162.5 | 6.81 |
| Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dl (mmol/l) | 82.5 (4.6) | 6.86 (0.38) |
| One hour plasma glucose, mg/dl (mmol/l) | 132.6 (7.4) | 30.45 (1.69) |
| Two hour plasma glucose, mg/dl (mmol/l) | 109.7 (6.1) | 23.06 (1.28) |
| OGTT z-score sum | 0.0 | 2.42 |
| Mean arterial pressure at OGTT, mmHg | 83.0 | 7.87 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI, kg/m2 | 25.0 | 5.37 |
| Weight gain from pre-pregnancy to last prenatal visit, lbs (kg) | 34.6 (15.7) | 14.09 (6.39) |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI category | N | % |
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 179 | 3.4 |
| Normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) | 3013 | 56.9 |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2) | 1322 | 25.0 |
| Obese (≥30 kg/m2) | 783 | 14.8 |
| Race | ||
| White | 2658 | 50.2 |
| Black | 429 | 8.1 |
| Hispanic | 1742 | 32.9 |
| Asian | 343 | 6.5 |
| Other | 125 | 2.4 |
| Alcohol use during pregnancy (any) | 174 | 3.3 |
| Smoking during pregnancy (any) | 240 | 4.5 |
| Family history of diabetes | 1196 | 22.6 |
| Hospitalization prior to delivery | 159 | 3.0 |
| Parity | ||
| 0 | 2532 | 47.8 |
| 1 | 1692 | 31.9 |
| 2 or more | 1073 | 20.3 |
| Field center | ||
| Bellflower, CA | 1706 | 32.2 |
| Chicago, IL | 621 | 11.7 |
| Providence, RI | 572 | 10.8 |
| Cleveland, OH | 650 | 12.3 |
| Toronto, ON | 1748 | 33.0 |
|
| ||
| Newborn characteristics | Mean | SD |
| Birthweight, g | 3467.6 | 463.17 |
| Body fat, % (N=4142) | 12.4 | 3.54 |
| Sum of skin folds, mm (N=4213) | 13.4 | 2.76 |
| Cord blood C-peptide, μg/l (nmol/l) (N=4537) | 1.0 (0.3) | 0.54 (0.18) |
| Gestational age at OGTT, weeks | 27.6 | 1.70 |
| Gestational age at delivery, weeks | 39.7 | 1.16 |
| Gestational age at last prenatal weight, weeks | 39.0 | 1.38 |
| Difference between gestational age at delivery and last prenatal weight, days | 5.1 | 4.95 |
| Gender | N | % |
| Male | 2749 | 51.9 |
| Female | 2548 | 48.1 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; N, number of participants with characteristic; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; %, percent of participants with characteristic; SD, standard deviation.
a
N =5297