Table 2.
Community and individual level factors associated with preterm birth: Unadjusted Analysis
| Categorical Characteristics | Preterm Birth | PROC GLIMMIX Crude OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Mean Maternal Age | 26.1 (SD=6.6) | 1.12 (1.06, 1.18)** |
| Black Mothers | 14.8 | 1.82 (1.66–1.98)*** |
| White Mothers | 8.3 | Ref |
| Hispanic Mothers | 8.8 | 0.67 (0.56–0.81)*** |
| Education | ||
| Less than High School | 15.0 | 1.50 (1.36–1.64)*** |
| High School | 13.8 | 1.39 (1.27–1.52)*** |
| More than High School | 9.6 | Ref |
| Paternal Presence | 14.5 | 1.56 (1.44–1.70)*** |
| Maternal Alcohol Use | 20.2 | 1.78 (1.37–2.33)*** |
| Maternal Tobacco Use | 18.4 | 1.55 (1.40–1.71)*** |
| Maternal Illicit Drug Use | 33.7 | 3.38 (2.88–3.98)*** |
| Low Birth Weight (<2,500 grams) | 67.5 | 34.30 (31.34–37.55)*** |
| Adequacy of Prenatal Care | ||
| Inadequate/Intermediate | 9.3 | 1.58 (1.42–1.76)*** |
| Adequate | 5.4 | Ref |
| Adequate Plus | 25.6 | 6.55 (5.96–7.20)*** |
| Previous Preterm Birth | 32.1 | 3.39 (2.49–4.61)*** |
| Pregnancy Complications | 19.2 | 1.86 (1.72–2.02)*** |
| Parity | ||
| No previous live births | 11.5 | Ref |
| Previous live birth – living | 12.9 | 1.07 (0.99–1.14) |
| Previous live birth – dead | 22.2 | 2.04 (1.63–2.55)*** |
| Percent Residents in Poverty | ||
| Low | 9.2 | Ref |
| Medium | 13.0 | 1.53 (1.36–1.73)*** |
| High | 14.9 | 1.75 (1.54–1.99)*** |
| Average Violence Rate | ||
| Low | 10.6 | Ref |
| High | 14.1 | 1.41 (1.25–1.58)*** |
*
p-value < 0.05
**
p-value <0.001
***
p-value <0.0001