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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pain Symptom Manage. 2014 Jan 16;48(3):353–363. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.09.018

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Participant enrollment and follow-up. Participant enrollment occurred between November 2008 and July 2010 (over 21 months). In 19 pairs who refused, reasons for refusal include: “too busy” (n=10, 53%), “feel stressed” (n=4, 21%), “other family members disagree” (n=2, 10.5%), “not interested” (n=2, 10.5%), and “do not feel comfortable” (n=1, 5%). a A total of 38 caregivers and 32 patients participated in data collection because: a caregiver skipped measurement (n=1); patients were unable to answer (n=5, RASS score −3 to −1); a patient refused to answer (n=1). b A total of 29 caregivers and 28 patients participated in data collection because: missing data occurred because: caregivers skipped measurement (n=2); a patient was unable to answer (n=1, RASS score −3 to −1); patients refused to answer (n=2). c A total of 26 caregivers and 26 patients participated in data collection because: missing data occurred because: a caregiver was unavailable (n=1); a patient refused to answer (n=1). ICU = intensive care unit; RASS = Richmond Agitation Sedation Score.